The Pros and Cons of Globalization
Starting out, I would first like to define globalization. It is” The worldwide movement
toward economic, financial ,trade, and communications integration. Globalization implies
the opening of local and nationalistic perspectives to a broader outlook of an
interconnected and interdependent world with free transfer of capital, goods, and services
across national frontiers. However, it does not include unhindered movement of labor and,
as suggested by some economists, may hurt smaller or fragile economies if applied
indiscriminately.”(Parikh,Jan.2010) Globalization has become one of the most debated
subjects of the 2000's. It has been said that it is one of the best things to happen to the
world by its proponents, and its opponents are labelled at is neo-imperialism. According
to CNN”Globalization and localization are two sides of the same coin.More than ever,
local communities are the secret of economic success. In the coming decades, the number and
strength of America's brain hubs will determine whether, as a country we will prosper or
decline. Physical factories will keep losing importance, but cities with a large percentage of
interconnected, highly educated workers will become the new factories where ideas and
knowledge are forged. Supporting growth in America's innovation hubs while arresting the
decline elsewhere is the real challenge that we face as a nation.”(CNN today, October 9,2012)
There are numerous pros and cons of globalization of which I will attempt to talk about both
in the upcoming pages. I am beginning with the pros: Productivity grows quicker when
countries produce goods and services in which they have a comparitive advantage.
Some argue that globalization gives a rise to new industries and more jobs in developing
countries. It also gives organizations access to cheap resources and labour in developing
areas in the world. It leads to greater employment opportunities for the people and also
consumers get quality goods at competitive rates. Transport and distribution systems are also
more efficient than ever before, making it much easier faster, and cheaper for businesses to
deliver their products to consumers. Electronic transfers also make making and receiving
international payments more secure and faster. Companies also have more flexibility to
operate across borders therefore they can profit through domestic as well as international
and also they can have access to much cheaper capitial from other countries if the rate of
interest is low. Globalization gives you a larger market therefore you can sell more goods
and make more money. Global competition and cheap imports keep prices low and steady,
so inflation is less likely to interrupt economic growth. The products are improved due to
global competition. Cooking styles, languages, customs have all spread due to globalization.
The spread of education worlwide is also affected meaning you can go anywhere in the world
and get the education you seek. Foreign trade is impacted on an economy, the WTO controls
the way things are handled throughout the world. Comparitive advantage is a factor.
Politics are merging and decisions that are being made are actually beneficial for people
throughout the world. We have become more social and open and tolerant towards other
countries, and we don't treat people from other countries as aliens. There are numerous other
pros to globalization, but I will end there.
The cons are just as much as the pros. Some of the cons are that smaller domestic firms
lack the resources to compete with the big international companies and may be forced out
of business. All the traveling of the people and the goods from country to country could spread
infectious diseases that are extremely deadly.
One of the biggest complaints about globalization is that it makes the rich richer and the non-
rich more poor. Opponents say that globalization makes it easier for those rich companies to
act with less accountability. Claims have also been made that countries' individual cultures
are being taken over by Americanization. Exploitation of labor is another problem. Prisoners
and child workers are used to work in inhumane conditions, and their safety is being put in
jeopardy in order to produce cheap goods. There is also an increase in human trafficking.
The social welfare schemes are under enormous pressure in developed countries because of
deficits and other economic ramifications of globalization. Multinational companies and
corporations which were held back from commercial activities are increasingly influenced
the political decisions. Most people think that there is a threat of corporations to rule the
world because they are gaining power due to globalization. As far as jobs go, millions of
Americans have lost their jobs because of production or imports shifts abroad. Most find new
jobs with less pay. Other millions of people are afraid to lose their jobs at the companies
operating under competitive pressure. They also face pay cuts from employers which
most of the time threaten to export jobs. The white collar jobs are increasingly vulnerable to
operations that are moving offshore. Some of the poorest countries in the world,such as Africa
may get even poorer. They do not have the education or the new technology that we do.
It can cause unemployment in industrialized countries because companies move their
factories to places where they can get cheaper workers. Globalization also can lead to
environmental problems. Say a company wants to build a factory over in a poor country
in the Third World. That country because of the new factory may have to cut down more trees
to sell wood, and also take up the land which they use for resources such as food and supplies.
Being of disadvantage,the under developed countries most of the time have to do what the
developed companies tell them what to do. As far as poorer countries go their chance at fair trade
is hindered, forcing the developed countries to produce export foods wanted by wealthier companies
instead of producing food for locals to feed their own population. The bigger companies develop
orchards and plantations and once again reduce the land for the production of local food
supplies.
When it comes to whether or not I am pro or con globalization I would say I am on the fence. I
do not agree with the work conditions that the people in the factories are subject to. Inhumane
treatment is unfair and jusat plain cruel. I was watching the news a couple of weeks ago and
watched people jumping out of the Apple building windows commiting suicide due to the
horrible work conditions. There are also what they call “suicide nets” placed outside of
factories due to the window jumpers from poor condtions. The spread of life threatening
diseases also concerns me from the back and forth of import and exports. The fact that countries
that are bigger and more powerful can overrule the less fortunate and smaller developing
countries seems a bit unfair. The taking of Third World companies land to benefit or make
profits and deprive them of their resources by also building factories on their land also
does not sit well with me. The unemployment rates in industrialized countries is caused
by globalization because firms move their factories over to places where they can get the
cheapest laborers. With globalization we must also keep in mind that we want to make
sure that both sides are profiting from the exchange of goods. I also think that we should as
a more technoligical and educated country give back to the third world better education and
and resources to more technology so that they can gain more profit from globalization. I am also
not happy with the way the economy is playing out. On the plus side, I am pro as well. I love the
fact that I can open up my computer,click start and get to just about any product in the world and
sometimes even cheaper than I can get from the United States. For instance,I do not have health
insurance. I have certain conditions that I have to be on medication for otherwise my health will
will fail. In the US at any pharmacy my medication costs me over 400 dollars! I then was turned
on to a Canadian pharmacy that I could get three months worth of my medication for a little under
three hundred dollars! Without globalization this would never happen. I also love exotic food
and fruits that are imported into the US from other countries. I like the fact that we are friendly
with other countries and are able to trade without any political problems. I can go to another
country and get just as good of an education or even better over there. Export jobs produce more
income than other jobs. Globalization gives us a wider market which means you can sell more
goods and make more money. The more globalization the cheaper the products become, and
the faster they get to us.
Bibliography:
Business Week, “The pros and cons of globalization”, April 2000
University of Western Sydney “The Impact of globalization”
Manufacturing.net, “Saving American Manufacturing”, by Mike Collins,6/28/2010
Letslearnfinance.com,”Ad vantages and Disadvantages of globalization”
Taking Sides,”Clashing views on Global Issues”,fourth edition,Hart and Lombardi,2007
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