Practical App of Low Temperature
A Guide to Sealing
Cryogenic and Low Temperature Applications
• PHARMACEUTICAL • FOOD PRODUCTION • BREWING • CHEMICAL • REFRIGERATION • AUTOMOTIVE • PETROLEUM • TEXTILE • ELECTRONICS • AEROSPACE
L-UK/US-CYROGEN-01
CRYOGENIC INDUSTRY
AESSEAL® CYROGENIC INDUSTRY IN 4902 - 03/2004 2
A GUIDE TO SEALING CRYOGENIC AND LOW TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
Introduction
The purpose of this report is to give the reader an appreciation of typical applications and problems encountered when sealing cryogenic and / or low temperature products. The term "cryogenics" can be defined as " the study of low temperatures or the production of the same".
Cryogenics is:
• the study of how to produce low temperatures. • the study of what happens to materials when you’ve cooled them down.
Cryogenics is not:
• the study of freezing and reviving people, called "cryonics", a confusingly similar term. Although cryogenics is often perceived by many to be limited to liquefied gases, it also encompasses low temperature hydrocarbons, refrigerants and coolants, to name a few. Therefore, this report will discuss all applications where the temperature falls below zero degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). Low temperature applications are found in a many different industries. These will include: • • • • • • • • • • Pharmaceutical Food production Brewing Chemical Refrigeration Automotive Petroleum Textile Electronics Aerospace
The list above is not exhaustive, but gives the reader an appreciation of potential markets for mechanical seals sealing low temperatures. It is beyond the scope of this report to detail every possible application. Instead the author will discuss the most commonly encountered applications, and suggest suitable sealing solutions.
Copyright © 2004 AESSEAL plc
CRYOGENIC INDUSTRY CRYOGENIC INDUSTRY
AESSEAL® CYROGENIC INDUSTRY IN 4902 - 03/2004 3
AESSEAL plc Disclaimer
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, AESSEAL plc SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE
Cryogenic and Low Temperature Applications
• PHARMACEUTICAL • FOOD PRODUCTION • BREWING • CHEMICAL • REFRIGERATION • AUTOMOTIVE • PETROLEUM • TEXTILE • ELECTRONICS • AEROSPACE
L-UK/US-CYROGEN-01
CRYOGENIC INDUSTRY
AESSEAL® CYROGENIC INDUSTRY IN 4902 - 03/2004 2
A GUIDE TO SEALING CRYOGENIC AND LOW TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
Introduction
The purpose of this report is to give the reader an appreciation of typical applications and problems encountered when sealing cryogenic and / or low temperature products. The term "cryogenics" can be defined as " the study of low temperatures or the production of the same".
Cryogenics is:
• the study of how to produce low temperatures. • the study of what happens to materials when you’ve cooled them down.
Cryogenics is not:
• the study of freezing and reviving people, called "cryonics", a confusingly similar term. Although cryogenics is often perceived by many to be limited to liquefied gases, it also encompasses low temperature hydrocarbons, refrigerants and coolants, to name a few. Therefore, this report will discuss all applications where the temperature falls below zero degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). Low temperature applications are found in a many different industries. These will include: • • • • • • • • • • Pharmaceutical Food production Brewing Chemical Refrigeration Automotive Petroleum Textile Electronics Aerospace
The list above is not exhaustive, but gives the reader an appreciation of potential markets for mechanical seals sealing low temperatures. It is beyond the scope of this report to detail every possible application. Instead the author will discuss the most commonly encountered applications, and suggest suitable sealing solutions.
Copyright © 2004 AESSEAL plc
CRYOGENIC INDUSTRY CRYOGENIC INDUSTRY
AESSEAL® CYROGENIC INDUSTRY IN 4902 - 03/2004 3
AESSEAL plc Disclaimer
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, AESSEAL plc SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE