Participatory Budgeting and Public Expenditure
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|Participatory BudgetING and public expenditure management training manual |
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Contents
Principles and Approaches of Participatory Budgeting 5
Introduction 5
An innovation from the South 5
Primarily a Brazilian phenomenon 5
From definition to aim 6
A well-structured process 6
The Participation pyramid – an original structure 7
Annual budget cycle 7
Democratic, re-distributive and technical lines 8
Multiple participatory models 8
An evolving system 9
Participation – a school of democracy 9
The real-life advantages of participatory budgets 10
INTRODUCTION TO PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING 11
The Difference between Traditional and Participatory Budgeting 14
Participatory Budgeting as an Innovative Local Governance Approach 15
Participatory Budgeting and Public Participation 16
Participatory Budgeting and Equity 16
Participatory Budgeting and Effectiveness 17
Participatory Budgeting and Accountability 17
Participatory Budgeting and Security 18
Additional Benefits of Participatory Budgeting 19
Participatory Budgeting, Localization of the Millennium Development Goals 24
BUDGET AND BUDGETING CONCEPTS 28
Purpose of a Budget 29
Budgets and Accountability 31
Stages of the Traditional Budget Cycle 32
The Administrative Process of the Traditional Budget Cycle 34
Key Players in the Budgeting Process: The Case of South Africa 35
THE PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING CYCLE 38
KEY DIMENSIONS OF PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING 46
The Role of Local Government in Participation 49
The Financial Dimension 51
CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING 66
Interest of Civil Society Organizations and the Citizenry 69
Shared Definition of the Rules on the
| | |
|Participatory BudgetING and public expenditure management training manual |
| |
Contents
Principles and Approaches of Participatory Budgeting 5
Introduction 5
An innovation from the South 5
Primarily a Brazilian phenomenon 5
From definition to aim 6
A well-structured process 6
The Participation pyramid – an original structure 7
Annual budget cycle 7
Democratic, re-distributive and technical lines 8
Multiple participatory models 8
An evolving system 9
Participation – a school of democracy 9
The real-life advantages of participatory budgets 10
INTRODUCTION TO PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING 11
The Difference between Traditional and Participatory Budgeting 14
Participatory Budgeting as an Innovative Local Governance Approach 15
Participatory Budgeting and Public Participation 16
Participatory Budgeting and Equity 16
Participatory Budgeting and Effectiveness 17
Participatory Budgeting and Accountability 17
Participatory Budgeting and Security 18
Additional Benefits of Participatory Budgeting 19
Participatory Budgeting, Localization of the Millennium Development Goals 24
BUDGET AND BUDGETING CONCEPTS 28
Purpose of a Budget 29
Budgets and Accountability 31
Stages of the Traditional Budget Cycle 32
The Administrative Process of the Traditional Budget Cycle 34
Key Players in the Budgeting Process: The Case of South Africa 35
THE PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING CYCLE 38
KEY DIMENSIONS OF PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING 46
The Role of Local Government in Participation 49
The Financial Dimension 51
CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING 66
Interest of Civil Society Organizations and the Citizenry 69
Shared Definition of the Rules on the
References: UN-HABITAT, 2005: Cities Development Strategies for Improved Urban Environment and Poverty Reduction in the Lake Victoria Region, Kampala, Kisumu and Musoma, Nairobi: UN-HABITAT. UN-HABITAT, 2004: Urban Governance Index: Conceptual Foundation and Filed Test Report, Nairobi: UN-HABITAT. UN-HABITAT, 2005. Urbanization Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa, Nairobi: UN-HABITAT. UN-HABITAT, 2004. Participatory Budgeting: Conceptual Framework and Analysis of its Contribution to Urban Governance and the Millennium Development Goals. Concept Working Paper Number 140, Nairobi: UN-HABITAT. UN-HABITAT, 2004: 72 Frequently Asked Questions about Participatory Budgeting, Nairobi: UNHABITAT. Cloete F. & Wissink H. 2005. Improving Public Policy, Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers. Pauw J.C., Woods C., Van der Linde C.J.A., Fourie D., & Visser C.B. 2002. Managing Public Money: A system form the South, , Cape Town: Heinemann Publishers (Pty) Ltd • Good Urban Governance Toolkits • UN HABITAT (2004) • Citizenship knows no age: children’s participation in the governance and municipal budget of Barra Mansa, Brazil. Eliana Guerra. 2002. • The Experience of the Participative Budget in Porto Allegre. 2001. • Lubuva, J., 2003: Sub-National Experiences in Civic Participation and Policy Making and Budgeting Process: The Case forIllala, Tanzania • Lubuva, J., 2003 Sub-National Experiences in Civic Participation and Policy Making and Budgeting Process: The Case for, Tanzania • Mika, J., 2003. Sub-National Experiences in Civic Participation and Policy Making and Budgeting Process: The Case for Gweru, Zimbabwe • Mika, J., 2003. Sub-National Experiences in Civic Participation and Policy Making and Budgeting Process: The Case for Mutoko, Zimbabwe • Mika, J., 2003. Sub-National Experiences in Civic Participation and Policy Making and Budgeting Process: The Case for Manhica, Mozambique • Mika, J., 2003 Sub-National Experiences in Civic Participation and Policy Making and Budgeting Process: Systematisation of budgeting and policymaking in Sub Saharan Africa Budlander, Debbie. 2005. Expectations versus Realities in Gender-Responsive Budget Elson, Diane Commonwealth Secretariat (1998) Gender Mainstreaming: Commonwealth Strategies on Politics, Macroeconomics and Human Rights, London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Commonwealth Secretariat (1997) Report of the Fifth Meeting of Commonwealth Ministers Responsible for Women’s Affairs, London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Commonwealth Secretariat (1995) Commonwealth Plan of Action on Gender and Development London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Commonwealth Secretariat (1992) Commonwealth Notes: The Ottawa Declaration on Women and Structural Adjustment London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Commonwealth Secretariat (1989): Engendering Adjustment for the 1990s: Report of the Commonwealth Expert Group on Women and Structural Adjustment London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Elson D (2002) Integrating Gender into Government Budgets within a Context of Economic Reform in D Budlender, D Elson, G Hewitt & T Mukhopadhyay Gender Budgets Makes Cents, London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Elson D (1998) ‘Changing the Conceptual Framework to Integrate Gender into Macroeconomic Policies’ in Gender Mainstreaming: Commonwealth Strategies on Politics, Macroeconomics and Human Rights, London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Hewitt G and Mukhopadhyay T (2002) ‘Promoting Gender Equality through Public Expenditure’ in D Budlender, D Elson, and G Hewitt & T Mukhopadhyay Gender Budgets Makes Cents, London: Commonwealth Secretariat. Inter-Parliamentary Union (2001) Parliament and the Budgetary Process, Including from a Gender Perspective: Regional Seminar for English-Speaking Parliaments ----------------------- [3] There is also an illuminating discussion of these in E. Tumusiime-Muteble (PS/ST Uganda), Uganda’s Experience with the Medium Term Expenditure Framework, 1999.