PANCHAYAT BEFORE AND AFTER 73rd AMENDMENT

PANCHAYAT BEFORE AND AFTER 73rd AMENDMENT 73rd Amendment of 1992 enforced from 24 April 1993.

73rd Amendment act also called ‘Paradigm Shift’. It means very different from what it was earlier. for e.g., Positivism as an epistemology is one way to look at society and Postmodernism as an epistemology is another way to look at society which is very different from Positivism. It is always a paradigm Shift from Positivism.

Panchayat as an institution exist since time immemorial. Panchayat play most important role in local level conflict which continued during Mughal period. It weakens during British Raj because of judiciary. Panchayat as an institution revitalized after 1950.

Main Features of 73rd Amendment Act that how it is different from earlier??
1. Constitutional Status: As we know India after independence being an good Indian we have to follow Indian constitution. It is hiring body which regulated behavior of an individual. There are different act, we do not find everything in Indian constitution.73rd amendment act is so important that it mention in the Indian constitution.

2. Uniform Structure: Implementation of panchayat basically under state. Different state adopt change according to their requirement. For e.g., when Panchayat revived there may be 2 tier or 3 tier structure.73rd Amendment Act does not keep it open and scope of variation is not allowed.

3. Direct Election: It add the electoral participate in election. Adequate power to be functionaries of panchayat structure.

4. Uniform period of Election: Duration of election is for 5 year

5. Recognition of the need for SC/ST or women to contribute for governance: there was reservation for dalits, tribals, women etc, functionaries are reserved.33% or 1/3rd reservation is there for them. This is shift from cumulative to dispersed inequality that is why we considered as paradigm shift.

6. Opportunity for new leadership: If we at pattern of rural India then traditionally they reflect high caste, aged, patriarchal.73rd Amendment Act made difference that it reflect dalits, tribes, women emergence of leadership from young age, tribals, women, dalits.

7. Financial Matters: panchayat is empowered to collect taxes, fees etc,

8. Provision of state election commission.