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Over de Dood Die Te Denken Geeft

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Over de Dood Die Te Denken Geeft
Over de dood die te denken geeft

Aangezien de dood inherent is aan het menselijk leven en de mens een fundamentele drager is van een samenleving, is de dood niet weg te denken uit het maatschappelijke gegeven. Als existentieel thema is de dood ingebed in de samenleving. Elke maatschappij gaat er anders mee om, heeft bepaalde rituelen enz. Maar ook elk individu gaat anders om met de eindigheid van zijn of haar leven. Hoe denken mensen over de dood in het algemeen en over hun eigen dood in het bijzonder? Zal men dit aspect van het bestaan zomaar aanvaarden, zal men er gelaten op reageren of zal men er zich tegen verzetten? Opvallend is tevens dat velen zich pas zorgen maken over de dood als deze bijna is ingetreden.

Doorheen de geschiedenis merken we dat mensen anders omgingen met de fase van het levenseinde en de dood. In de Middeleeuwen was het bijvoorbeeld de gewoonte dat de mensen stierven temidden van hun familie en vrienden. Dit werd eveneens vaak geïnduceerd door een gebrek aan medische zorgen waardoor een opname ter behandeling van een aandoening niet vanzelfsprekend was, zeker niet voor het gewone volk. Ook het geloof speelde hierin een rol. Doordat men de mening was toegedaan dat het lijden verzacht werd door het leven na de dood, diende men zijn hemel op aarde te verdienen via het afkopen van aflaten. Op die manier diende men zich voor de dood van alle zonden te bevrijden. Om dit te bekostigen deed men vaak beroep op anderen. Als reactie op dergelijke feiten pleitte het Protestantisme er in de zestiende eeuw dat de dood en het sterven een solitair gebeuren waren. De dood werd meer en meer in een private sfeer gesitueerd. De stervende vertoefde in een kleine groep van familieleden en vrienden. Pas omstreeks de twintigste eeuw kwam de stervensbegeleiding op de voorgrond te staan. Tevens kende de geneeskunde een medisch-technologische (r)evolutie waardoor kwalitatieve stervensbegeleiding maar al te vaak geïnterpreteerd werd als een medische

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