Optical Amplifiers
OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Arminder kaur1, Upneet Kaur2, Gaurav soni3
1,2M.Tech Scholar (ECE), Amritsar College of Engg. &Technology, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
3Associate Professor, Deptt. of ECE, Amritsar College of Engg. & Technology, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
ABSTRACT: This paper reviews several technologies of optical amplifiers with their applications and we focus on the recent progress in some important aspects of several optical fiber amplifier technology that are suitable for the low-cost, moderate performance application space. Current repeater spacing and speed of EDFA is in the range of 80-100 Km and 40 Gb/s while those for RA is in the range of 100-160 Km and 160-320 Gb/s. Each type of amplifier is suitable for certain application depending on these characteristics. These amplifiers must be small in size and easy to control to allow their use in many places in the network. The different Amplifiers, such as EDFA, Raman amplifiers and SOA, have different properties making them suitable for a variety of applications.
Keywords: EDFA, RA, SOA, WDM, DCF, SRS.
1. INTRODUCTION
Optical amplifiers have been essential elements for high capacity, long-lifespan and multiple connection of optical for communication network applications, since it compensates loss through transmission of information via transmission medium, the passive components and the power division for connectivity of multiple points [12].The first fiber-optical telecommunication systems emerged with the engineering of low loss optical fiber [10]. Even though the complexity of the system has increased, the basic elements remain the same. They consist of an optical source, a means of modulating the source, the transmission medium (i.e., the optical fiber), and a detector at the output end of the fiber.Fiber loss is one limitation to the transmission distance of this system. In the early days of fiber-optic communications the loss of the fiber was
Arminder kaur1, Upneet Kaur2, Gaurav soni3
1,2M.Tech Scholar (ECE), Amritsar College of Engg. &Technology, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
3Associate Professor, Deptt. of ECE, Amritsar College of Engg. & Technology, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
ABSTRACT: This paper reviews several technologies of optical amplifiers with their applications and we focus on the recent progress in some important aspects of several optical fiber amplifier technology that are suitable for the low-cost, moderate performance application space. Current repeater spacing and speed of EDFA is in the range of 80-100 Km and 40 Gb/s while those for RA is in the range of 100-160 Km and 160-320 Gb/s. Each type of amplifier is suitable for certain application depending on these characteristics. These amplifiers must be small in size and easy to control to allow their use in many places in the network. The different Amplifiers, such as EDFA, Raman amplifiers and SOA, have different properties making them suitable for a variety of applications.
Keywords: EDFA, RA, SOA, WDM, DCF, SRS.
1. INTRODUCTION
Optical amplifiers have been essential elements for high capacity, long-lifespan and multiple connection of optical for communication network applications, since it compensates loss through transmission of information via transmission medium, the passive components and the power division for connectivity of multiple points [12].The first fiber-optical telecommunication systems emerged with the engineering of low loss optical fiber [10]. Even though the complexity of the system has increased, the basic elements remain the same. They consist of an optical source, a means of modulating the source, the transmission medium (i.e., the optical fiber), and a detector at the output end of the fiber.Fiber loss is one limitation to the transmission distance of this system. In the early days of fiber-optic communications the loss of the fiber was
References: [7] J. L. Zyskind, et al., Fast power transients in optically amplified multiwavelength optical networks, Proc. OFC '96, Paper PD31, 1996. [8] G.P. Agrawal, ‘Fiber Optic Communication Systems’, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1998. [9] Chun Jiang, QingjiZeng, Hua Liu, Xiaodong Tang, Xudong Yang, ‘Advance in Optical Fiber Amplifier, 1997.