Nursing
Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.
Nurses may be differentiated from other health care providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice. Nurses practice in a wide diversity of practice areas with a different scope of practice and level of prescriber authority in each. Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians, and this traditional role has come to shape the historic public image of nurses as care providers. However, nurses are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings depending on training level. In the postwar period, nurse education has undergone a process of diversification towards advanced and specialized credentials, and many of the traditional regulations and provider roles are changing.
Nurses develop a plan of care, working collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, the patient 's family and other team members, that focuses on treating illness to improve quality of life. In the U.S. (and increasingly the United Kingdom), advanced practice nurses, such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, diagnose health problems and prescribe medications and other therapies, depending on individual state regulations. Nurses may help coordinate the patient care performed by other members of an interdisciplinary health care team such as therapists, medical practitioners and dietitians. Nurses provide care both interdependently, for example, with physicians, and independently as nursing professionals. Prior to the 17th century[edit]
1-500 AD (approximately)- Nursing care mostly included hygiene and comfort needs of persons and families. Religious organizations were the provided carers.[1]
55 AD - Phoebe is nursing histories most noted deaconess.[2]
300 - Entry of women into nursing (Crisp
Nurses may be differentiated from other health care providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice. Nurses practice in a wide diversity of practice areas with a different scope of practice and level of prescriber authority in each. Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians, and this traditional role has come to shape the historic public image of nurses as care providers. However, nurses are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings depending on training level. In the postwar period, nurse education has undergone a process of diversification towards advanced and specialized credentials, and many of the traditional regulations and provider roles are changing.
Nurses develop a plan of care, working collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, the patient 's family and other team members, that focuses on treating illness to improve quality of life. In the U.S. (and increasingly the United Kingdom), advanced practice nurses, such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, diagnose health problems and prescribe medications and other therapies, depending on individual state regulations. Nurses may help coordinate the patient care performed by other members of an interdisciplinary health care team such as therapists, medical practitioners and dietitians. Nurses provide care both interdependently, for example, with physicians, and independently as nursing professionals. Prior to the 17th century[edit]
1-500 AD (approximately)- Nursing care mostly included hygiene and comfort needs of persons and families. Religious organizations were the provided carers.[1]
55 AD - Phoebe is nursing histories most noted deaconess.[2]
300 - Entry of women into nursing (Crisp
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Potter & Perry 's fundamentals of nursing (3rd ed.). Chatswood, Elsevier Australia: Libby Houston 14.Jump up ^ (Crisp & Taylor,2009) 15.Jump up ^ M. Masson A Pictorial History Of Nursing (1985). 18.Jump up ^ Seymer.R.L. (1932). A general history of nursing. London; Faber & Faber Limited. 19.Jump up ^ . Crisp, J., Taylor, C. (2013). Potter and perry 's fundamentals of nursing(4th ed). Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier. 20.Jump up ^ Pioneers of Professional Nursing in South Africa, Loots, I & Vermaak, M. Publisher P.J. de Villiers Bloemfontein 1975 21.^ Jump up to: a b c Bullough and Bullough, The Emergence of Modern Nursing (1969) p 144 24.Jump up ^ see online 25.Jump up ^ Potter & Perry (2013) 26.Jump up ^ McLauchlan, G. (1989). The illustrated encyclopedia of New Zealand. Auckland: David Bateman 27.Jump up ^ "In Memory of Nurses." Washington Post 28.Jump up ^ http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/heritage/photos/disc11/IMG0062.asp 29.Jump up ^ Crisp.J,Taylor.C,Douglas.C,Rebeiro.G(2013)Potter and Perry 's fundamentals of nursing (4th ed) 30.Jump up ^ Dow, D. (2009). Remembering the unsung heroines. New Zealand Doctor, 36. 31.Jump up ^ Crisp, J., & Taylor, C. (2009). Potter and Perry 's : fundamentals of nursing (3rd ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier Australia. 36.Jump up ^ 35. Crisp, J., Taylor, C., Douglas. C., & Rebeiro, G. (Eds). (2013). Fundamentals of Nursing. (4th ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier. 41.Jump up ^ Adlam, K; Dotchin, M. Hayward, S. (2009). "Nursing first year of practice, past, present and future: documenting the journey in New Zealand". Journal Of Nursing Management 17: 570. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2008.00932.x. 42.Jump up ^ Crisp 43.Jump up ^ Crisp, J., Taylor, C., Douglas, C., & Rebeiro, G. (2013). Potter & Perry 's Fundamentals of nursing (4th ed). NSW, Australia: Mosby Elsevier. ISBN 9780729541107 44.Jump up ^ http://www.nhs3.org 45.Jump up ^ http://nurse-practitioners.advanceweb.com/Article/DNP-Coming-Into-Focus.aspx 46.Jump up ^ (Parker & Smith,2010) Parker, M.E., & Smith, M.C 47.Jump up ^ Crisp, J., & Taylor, C. (2013). Potter and Perry 's : fundamentals of nursing (4th ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Houston. 48.Jump up ^ Crisp and Taylor, 2009 49.Jump up ^ Crisp, J.,& Taylor, C 52.Jump up ^ Daly, J., Speedy, S., & Jackson, D. (2010). Contexts of Nursing. (3rd ed). Sydney, Australia: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. Wesley, R. L. (1994). Nursing theories and models 2nd ed. USA: Springhouse Pub Co. Rodgers, Jan. A. "A Paradox of Power and Marginality: New Zealand Nurses ' Professional Campaign During War." Diss. U of Palmerston North, 1994. Print. D 'Antonio, Patricia. American Nursing: A History of Knowledge, Authority, and the Meaning of Work (2010), 272pp excerpt and text search Davies, Celia, ed Dingwall, Robert, Anne Marie Rafferty, Charles Webster. 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Women at War with America: Private Lives in a Patriotic Era (1984) ch 2, on military nurses in World War Two D 'Antonio, Patricia Judd, Deborah. A History of American Nursing: Trends and Eras (2009) 272pp excerpt and text search Kalisch, Philip Arthur, and Beatrice J Reverby, Susan M. Ordered to Care: The Dilemma of American Nursing, 1850-1945 (1987) excerpt and text search Sarnecky, Mary T