NT 1310 Week 2 Notes

NT 1310 – Week 2

Unit 3
Key concept 1: cables types 6a cabling can do 10 GB over it, however 10 Gig switches are expensive.
Cable structure UTP
4 pairs of copper cable
Number of twists varies per inch
N shielding
Very easy to work with
Most common cable for LAN
Cat 3, Cat 5, Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 7 will be defined in standards later in the course
Most susceptible to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
STP
Similar to UTP
Pairs shielded
Core shielded
SCTP
Coax
Single conducting core
FO
Central glass core
Cladding prevents light loss
Single-Mode – laser SINGLE BEAM SMALLER CORE
USUALLY WAN
Multi- mode – led Multiple beams
Larger core
Usually LAN
CABLE DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Usage
General purpose Plenum Riser UTP ~ Twists per inch ~ Gauge ~ Length
~ Solid/stranded Standards Standards Organization
FCC
NEMA
TIA
ISO
IEEE
NIST
Brief Tour of 568-C
T568A and T568B termination standards
Specify required UTP pin-out orders for termination

TIA-569-B specifies entrance facility and equipment rooms
Equipment room
Rack
Raised for access underneath
Network Topology
Topology refer to the physical layout
Bus
Single cable connects all machines.
Each machine links to the cable using a t-connector.
Each end of the cable requires a terminator (resistor).
A break in the cable results in a total communication Failure.

Ring
Single cable connects all machines
Each machine links to the cable

Star
Single cable connects each machine to central

Full mesh
Partial mesh

Network Applications
Fiber Data Distributed Interface (FDDI)

Data Communications 101
Bandwidth
Maximum frequency at each data can be transmitted and received effectively
A function of distance, frequency, and signal to noise (SNR)

Data Rate
The number of bits per second that are transmitted on a cable
Common measure for copper and fibber
Attenuation
Transmission Challenges
Noise
Anything electrical on the cable that is not part of the original signal
Crosstalk