No Two Generations See Eye to Eye- Essay
1791_TitlePage 7/9/03 2:45 PM Page 1
ElECTRIC POWER distribution handbook
T.A. Short
C RC PR E S S
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
(C) 2004 by CRC Press LLC
Electric Pwr Eng Series 7/9/03 4:10 PM Page 1
The ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING Series
The ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERINGSeries series editor Leo Grigsby
Series Editor Leo L.Grigsy
Published Titles
Computational Methods for Electric Power Systems
Mariesa Crow
Distribution System Modeling and Analysis
William H. Kersting
Electric Drives
Ion Boldea and Syed Nasar
Electrical Energy Systems
Mohamed E. El-Hawary
Electric Power Substations Engineering
John D. McDonald
Electric Power Transformer Engineering
James H. Harlow
Electromechanical Systems, Electric Machines, and Applied Mechatronics
Sergey E. Lyshevski
The Induction Machine Handbook
Ion Boldea and Syed Nasar
Linear Synchronous Motors:
Transportation and Automation Systems
Jacek Gieras and Jerry Piech
Power Quality
C. Sankaran
Power System Operations and Electricity Markets
Fred I. Denny and David E. Dismukes
Electric Power Distribution Handbook
Tom Short
Forthcoming Titles
The Electric Generators Handbook
Ion Boldea
(C) 2004 by CRC Press LLC
1791_book.fm Page 4 Monday, August 4, 2003 3:20 PM
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Short, Tom, 1966–
Electric power distribution handbook / Tom Short.
p. cm. — (Electric power engineering series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8493-1791-6 (alk. paper)
1. Electric power distribution—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title. II. Series.
TK3001.S47 2003
621.319—dc21
2003055214
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot
assume
ElECTRIC POWER distribution handbook
T.A. Short
C RC PR E S S
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
(C) 2004 by CRC Press LLC
Electric Pwr Eng Series 7/9/03 4:10 PM Page 1
The ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING Series
The ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERINGSeries series editor Leo Grigsby
Series Editor Leo L.Grigsy
Published Titles
Computational Methods for Electric Power Systems
Mariesa Crow
Distribution System Modeling and Analysis
William H. Kersting
Electric Drives
Ion Boldea and Syed Nasar
Electrical Energy Systems
Mohamed E. El-Hawary
Electric Power Substations Engineering
John D. McDonald
Electric Power Transformer Engineering
James H. Harlow
Electromechanical Systems, Electric Machines, and Applied Mechatronics
Sergey E. Lyshevski
The Induction Machine Handbook
Ion Boldea and Syed Nasar
Linear Synchronous Motors:
Transportation and Automation Systems
Jacek Gieras and Jerry Piech
Power Quality
C. Sankaran
Power System Operations and Electricity Markets
Fred I. Denny and David E. Dismukes
Electric Power Distribution Handbook
Tom Short
Forthcoming Titles
The Electric Generators Handbook
Ion Boldea
(C) 2004 by CRC Press LLC
1791_book.fm Page 4 Monday, August 4, 2003 3:20 PM
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Short, Tom, 1966–
Electric power distribution handbook / Tom Short.
p. cm. — (Electric power engineering series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8493-1791-6 (alk. paper)
1. Electric power distribution—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title. II. Series.
TK3001.S47 2003
621.319—dc21
2003055214
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot
assume
References: ANSI/IEEE Std. 1001-1988, IEEE Guide for Interfacing Dispersed Storage and Generation Facilities with Electric Utility Systems. Arseneau, R., Hill, E. F., Szabados, R., and Ferry, D., “Synchronous Motor Impedances Measured at Harmonic Frequencies,” IEEE/PES Summer Power Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, 1979. Society Summer Meeting, 2000. Summer Meeting, 2002. Billinton, R. and Allan, R. N., Reliability Evaluation of Power Systems, Pitman Advanced Publishing Program, 1984. CEA 128 D 767, Connecting Small Generators to Utility Distribution Systems, Canadian Electrical Association, 1994. (C) 2004 by CRC Press LLC 1791_book.fm Page 749 Monday, August 4, 2003 3:20 PM Chen, T. H., Chen, M. S., Inoue, T., Kotas, P., and Chebli, E. A., “Three-Phase Cogenerator and Transformer Models for Distribution System Analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1671–81, October 1991. Comfort, R., Gonzalez, M., Mansoor, A., Barker, P. P., Short, T. A., and Sundaram, A., “Power Quality Impact of Distributed Generation: Effect on Steady State Voltage Regulation,” PQA Conference, 2001. EEI, Distributed Resources Task Force Interconnection Study, Edison Electric Institute, 2000 (SQRA) Modeling for Optimizing Power System Configurations for the Digital Economy, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 2002. CA, 2000. EPRI 1003973, Investigation of the Technical and Economic Feasibility of Micro-grid Based Power Systems, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 2001. EPRI 1005917, Distributed Generation Relaying Impacts on Power Quality, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 2001. Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 2001. EPRI TR-105589, Engineering Handbook for Dispersed Energy Systems on Utility Distribution Systems, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 1995. Palo Alto, CA, 1998. EPRI TR-111490, Integration of Distributed Resources in Electric Utility Distribution Systems: Distribution System Behavior Analysis for Suburban Feeder, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 1998. EPRI TR-112737, Integration of Distributed Resources in Electric Utility Distribution Systems: Distribution System Behavior Analysis for Urban and Rural Feeders, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 1999. Fitzgerald, A. E., Kingsley Jr., C., and Kusko, A., Electric Machinery, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1971. GRI, “Reliability of Natural Gas Power Generation Systems,” Gas Research Institute (GRI) White Paper, 1993 (C) 2004 by CRC Press LLC 1791_book.fm Page 750 Monday, August 4, 2003 3:20 PM 1, 2001,” 2001. As cited at http://www.ifc.com. Langley, R., Short, T. A., and Mansoor, A., “Impact of Non-Linear Loads on M-G Sets,” PQA Conference, Portland, OR, 2002. Miller, N. W., Presentation at the IEEE/PES Winter Power Meeting, 2002.