Movement of people
'The movement of peoples between 1750 and 1901 were carried out mainly against the wishes of those who moved.'
The years between 1750 and 1901 saw the movement of large numbers of people around the world. Most of these migrations were carried out against the wishes of the people involved. First, Native Americans and, later, Africans were kidnapped or sold into slavery in the Americas. Later, British convicts were transported overseas. Even voluntary migrants often had little choice but to seek a new life in a new country.
As soon as the Spanish had colonised the Americas they needed a large workforce for their mines and plantations. The Native American population provided a ready source of labour, so they were forced to work for the Spanish. Workers were taken against their will to travel with the Spanish during the expansion of their colonies in America. European diseases took a heavy toll on the Native American population because they had no natural immunity to them. As the native population declined through disease and abuse, the Spanish were forced to look elsewhere for workers. African slave trade worked and its importance to America because of some slaves were bought and some were either taken or kidnapped. The slave trade between Western Africa and the America's reached its peak in the mid-18th century when it is estimated that over 80,000 Africans annually crossed the Atlantic to spend the rest of their lives in chains.
Between 1788 and 1868, around 160,000 British and Irish convicts were transported to the Australian colonies as a punishment for crime. The Industrial Revolution transformed the British economic base from agriculture to industry. In a process called 'enclosure' thousands of country people were forced from their home because of the wealthy buying and taking over their land. Also because of the Industrial Revolution, there were more efficient and mechanised forming practices which meant fewer agricultural workers were needed. For
The years between 1750 and 1901 saw the movement of large numbers of people around the world. Most of these migrations were carried out against the wishes of the people involved. First, Native Americans and, later, Africans were kidnapped or sold into slavery in the Americas. Later, British convicts were transported overseas. Even voluntary migrants often had little choice but to seek a new life in a new country.
As soon as the Spanish had colonised the Americas they needed a large workforce for their mines and plantations. The Native American population provided a ready source of labour, so they were forced to work for the Spanish. Workers were taken against their will to travel with the Spanish during the expansion of their colonies in America. European diseases took a heavy toll on the Native American population because they had no natural immunity to them. As the native population declined through disease and abuse, the Spanish were forced to look elsewhere for workers. African slave trade worked and its importance to America because of some slaves were bought and some were either taken or kidnapped. The slave trade between Western Africa and the America's reached its peak in the mid-18th century when it is estimated that over 80,000 Africans annually crossed the Atlantic to spend the rest of their lives in chains.
Between 1788 and 1868, around 160,000 British and Irish convicts were transported to the Australian colonies as a punishment for crime. The Industrial Revolution transformed the British economic base from agriculture to industry. In a process called 'enclosure' thousands of country people were forced from their home because of the wealthy buying and taking over their land. Also because of the Industrial Revolution, there were more efficient and mechanised forming practices which meant fewer agricultural workers were needed. For