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Management of Elementary Education

EDUCATION FOR ALL – MID DECADE ASSESSMENT

EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND
EDUCATION IN INDIA

Venita Kaul
Deepa Sankar

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION
NEW DELHI i Education for All – Mid-Decade Assessment

Early Childhood Care and Education

© NUEPA 2009

Published by National University of Educational Planning and Administration
(NUEPA)
(Declared by the Government of India Under Section No. 3 of the UGC Act 1956)

17-B, Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi - 110 016

Photo Credit
Ravi Ramachandran, IRS

The views expressed in the paper are those of the author and should not be attributed to NUEPA and the Government of India.

2

ii Education for All – Mid-Decade Assessment

Early Childhood Care and Education

Preface
The World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal approved a comprehensive vision of
Education for All (EFA) to be achieved by 2015 based on the six goals. The six goals relate to the areas of early childhood care and education, universalising primary education, gender, youth and adolescents, adult education and quality of education.
The main focus is on ‘reaching the unreached’ for ensuring complete coverage of education. With this background the Mid- Decade Assessment of Education for All was initiated to take stock of the progress made with respect to EFA Goals.
Corresponding to this exercise, a comprehensive review of the progress made with respect to Education for All in India was conducted jointly by Government of India and the National University of Educational Planning and Administration (NUEPA).
The present work which is a sequel to the National Report consists of a series of thematic and state review papers. There are nine thematic review papers covering all the six goals including three additional papers on three other themes, namely,
Teacher and Teacher Education, Management Strategies for EFA and Financing of
EFA in India. These



References: GoI [Government of India]. (1949) Constitution of India. New Delhi: Government of India. GoI [Government of India]. (1986) National Policy on Education 1986. New Delhi: Ministry of Human Resource Development. GoI. (2000) Education for All- The Year 2000 Assessment Report: India. New Delhi: Ministry Of Human Resource Development. GoI. (2003): Early Childhood Care and Education in India – An Overview. New Delhi: Ministry of Human Resource Development. GoI. (2004) Status of Education and Vocational Training in India 2004-05. NSS 61st Round Report no GoI. (2006a) Annual Report, 2004-2005. Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi: Department of Higher Education GoI. (2006) Status of Education and Vocational Training in India 2004-05. NSS 61st Round (July 2004-June 2005), Report No GoI. (2007): Early Childhood Education in the Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012) - Sub Group Report Kaul, V. (1998): The Training of Teachers. In: M. Swaminathan (ed) (1998): The First Five Years- A Critical Perspective on Early Childhood Care and Education in India Kaul, V. (1999): Early Childhood Care and Education in the Context of EFA. Paper prepared for the Government of India M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (2000): Quality Matters- Understanding the Relationship Between Quality in Early Childhood Education and Learning Competencies of Mehta, Arun (2007): Elementary Education in India: Analytical Report 2005-06. New Delhi: NUEPA. Mustard, J. Fraser (2007): Experience Based Brain Development: Scientific Underpinnings of the importance of Early Child Development in a Global World in Young, Mary Eming (ed.) (2007) Early Child Development from Measurement to Action: A Priority for Growth and Equity NCTE. [National Council of Teacher Education]. (2005): Annual Report for the Year 200405. New Delhi: Ministry of Human Resource Development NCERT September 30, 2002. New Delhi: NCERT. NCERT. [National Council of Educational Research and Training]. (1993): Impact of ECE on Retention in Primary Grades – A Longitudinal Study NCERT. (2003): A Study of Process and Effectiveness of Linkages between ECCE and Primary Education in the Context of SSA NCAER. [National Council of Applied Economic Research]. (2001): Concurrent Evaluation of ICDS – National Report NIPCCD [National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development]. (1992) National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development NIPCCD. (1995): Creche Services in India – An Evaluation. New Delhi: N.I.P.C.C.D. NIPCCD. (2004): An Evaluation Study of Creches Run under National Creche Fund. New Delhi: N.I.P.C.C.D. Prochner, L. (2002): Pre-School and Playway in India. Childhood, 9(4) pp. 435-453. Rao and Sharma (2002): Early Childhood Services in India-Challenges and Prospects for Their Development Sharma, A. (1998): Opportunity, Challenges and Vision. In: M. Swaminathan (Ed): First Five Years- A Critical Perspective on ECCE in India SRI [Social and Rural Research Institute] (2005) All India Survey of Out-Of-SchoolChildren in the 6-13 Years Age Group Stern, R.W (1993): Changing India - Bourgeois Revolution on the Subcontinent. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Swaminathan. M. (1998) (ed): The First Five Years - A Critical Perspective on Early Childhood Care and Education in India The World Bank (2004): Reaching Out to the Child – An Integrated Approach to Child Development The World Bank (2005a): India’s Undernourished Children. A Call for Reform and Action. The World Bank (2005b): World Development Report 2006- Equity and Development. UNESCO. (2006): Select Issues Concerning ECCE India. Background paper prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2007: Strong foundations: early childhood care and education. 2007/ED/EFA/MRT/PI/23. New Delhi: NIPCCD/UNESCO.

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