Mill, "On liberty"
During nineteen century, the ideology, capitalism spread out in Europe. The Capitalism focused on making profit through invests or works. As a result, both capitalist and upper class accumulated great amount of property, yet the poverty groups much rapidly increased. While upper classes’ properties were skyrocketing, working classes survived the daily grind. A poor worker encouraged to come forward, complained, and took a stand to oppose inadequate capitalism, and also woman fought against injustice in order to claim rights as men. These were shape of Europe in 1800s. In 1806, John Stuart Mill was born in Pentonville, then a suburb of London. He was a son of James Mill, who became leading figure in the group of philosophical radicals and Jeremy Bentham’s discipline and friend. Mill co-wrote “On liberty” with his wife, Helen Taylor and published in 1958. On the other hand, Jeremy Bentham who was philosopher and jurist was born in 1748 in London. He brought utilitarianism about 19 century. His maximizing happiness on great number of people might inspire the working classes that they claim right for happiness gave government reestablished policies for all citizen weather workers or capitalist. Based on Mill and Bentham’s theory, society should protect individual’s individuality and liberty; government should promote everyone’s happiness to reduce pains.
In ancient, such as Greece, Rome, and England, the people and ruler held hostile relationships because the people protected themselves from ruler’s authority, as a result, the liberty meant, “Protection against the tyranny of political rulers.” (Mill, 5) However, as time went on, people relied on a common authority to be protected their own property and body from each other’s competitive actions. Therefore, the people agreed to create a society and transfer their rights and wills as a whole to one authority to which; “Nothing else than that he will be forced to be free, for such is the condition which, by giving
In ancient, such as Greece, Rome, and England, the people and ruler held hostile relationships because the people protected themselves from ruler’s authority, as a result, the liberty meant, “Protection against the tyranny of political rulers.” (Mill, 5) However, as time went on, people relied on a common authority to be protected their own property and body from each other’s competitive actions. Therefore, the people agreed to create a society and transfer their rights and wills as a whole to one authority to which; “Nothing else than that he will be forced to be free, for such is the condition which, by giving