Microprocessor Based Alternator Synchronisation
ABSTRACT
The manual method of synchronization demands a skilled operator and the method is suitable for no load operation or normal frequency condition. under emergency condition such as lowering of frequency or synchronizing of large machines a very fast action is needed, which may not be possible for a human operator. Thus there is a need of autosynchroniser in a power station or in an industrial establishment where generator are employed.
This paper describes a microprocessor based set up for synchronizing a three phase alternator to a busbar. Also existing methods of synchronization are mentioned.
1. INTRODUCTION
It is well known that electrical load on a power system or an industrial establishment, is never constant but it varies. To meet the requirement of variable load , economically and also for assuring continuity of supply the number of generating units connected to a system busbar are varied suitably . The connection of an incoming alternator to system bus, ie; synchronization requires fulfillment of the condition like the same phase sequence equality of voltages and frequency between the incoming machine and frequency between the in coming machine and busbar. In order to order to overcome the 9 technical drawbacks of the conventional synchronization methods we can introduce a microprocessor based system.
2. EXISTING METHODS OF SYNCHRONIZATION AND PRINCIPLE a Synchronizing Lamp
The operation of connecting an alternator parallel with another alternator or with a common busbar is known as synchronizing for proper synchronization of alternators the following three conditions must be satisfied
1.The terminal voltage of incoming machine must be the same as the busbar voltage.
2.the speed of the incoming machine must be same such that the frequency is equal to the busbar frequency.
3. The phase of the alternator voltage must be identical to the busbar voltage. It means that the switch must be closed at the instant
The manual method of synchronization demands a skilled operator and the method is suitable for no load operation or normal frequency condition. under emergency condition such as lowering of frequency or synchronizing of large machines a very fast action is needed, which may not be possible for a human operator. Thus there is a need of autosynchroniser in a power station or in an industrial establishment where generator are employed.
This paper describes a microprocessor based set up for synchronizing a three phase alternator to a busbar. Also existing methods of synchronization are mentioned.
1. INTRODUCTION
It is well known that electrical load on a power system or an industrial establishment, is never constant but it varies. To meet the requirement of variable load , economically and also for assuring continuity of supply the number of generating units connected to a system busbar are varied suitably . The connection of an incoming alternator to system bus, ie; synchronization requires fulfillment of the condition like the same phase sequence equality of voltages and frequency between the incoming machine and frequency between the in coming machine and busbar. In order to order to overcome the 9 technical drawbacks of the conventional synchronization methods we can introduce a microprocessor based system.
2. EXISTING METHODS OF SYNCHRONIZATION AND PRINCIPLE a Synchronizing Lamp
The operation of connecting an alternator parallel with another alternator or with a common busbar is known as synchronizing for proper synchronization of alternators the following three conditions must be satisfied
1.The terminal voltage of incoming machine must be the same as the busbar voltage.
2.the speed of the incoming machine must be same such that the frequency is equal to the busbar frequency.
3. The phase of the alternator voltage must be identical to the busbar voltage. It means that the switch must be closed at the instant
Bibliography: 1 JOURNAL OF INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS (INDIA) VOLUME-80, NOVEMBER1999 2 THEORY OF ALTERNATING CURRENT AND MACHINERY ALEXANDER.S.LANGSDORF 3 FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS B. RAM Reference: http://www.seminarprojects.com/Thread-microprocessor-based-system-of-automatic-synchronizer-full-report#ixzz0t3HC3YA9