Preview

The Marriage Vows of Medea and Dido: A Comparison, "The Medea" by Euripides and "The Aeneid" by Virgil

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1160 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
The Marriage Vows of Medea and Dido: A Comparison, "The Medea" by Euripides and "The Aeneid" by Virgil
In The Medea by Euripides and The Aeneid by Virgil the characters of Medea and Dido respond to desertion by their husbands, the individual they love most, in the form of a quarrel. Both characters go on to attempt to alleviate their pain via revenge. Their judgments and actions are impaired by each woman's great eros and amor. Euripides and Virgil illustrate their vision of passion and love through the effects of Medea and Dido's actions under the influence of these emotions. Both women could choose a healthier course for their pain by thinking rationally. Ultimately what matters is Medea is permitted to be distressed because she truly is abandoned by her husband, while Dido, on the other hand, is betrayed and destroyed by a lover she cons herself into believing is her husband.

In response to the abandonment of their lovers, both Medea and Dido quarrel with their "husband" in an effort to sway him into altering his resolution. Medea attempts to make Jason leave his new bride and come back to her while Dido tries to influence Aeneas into staying with her. Each woman vents by launching their monologue with an introduction of insults. Although Medea straight forwardly calls Jason a "coward in every way", Dido is more controlled and implies that Aeneas attempts to "slip away in silence" (Euripides, 465) (Virgil, IV.419). Throughout the remainder of the speeches, they attempt to get the men to bend to their wishes. The women use logic. Medea reminds Jason of the shame he will face as a result of having children wandering as beggars. Dido informs Aeneas of the bad weather he will encounter if he leaves now. Both women remind their lover of all they have sacrificed for him and everything they have not asked for in return. Medea's raging comments continue on about the broken marriage oath. Like Medea, Dido tries to force Aeneas to remain by her side because of the "marriage that [they] entered on" (Virgil, IV.432). Medea and Dido seem to end their side of the argument

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    The film “Force Majeure” and the play Euripides’s Medea have many things in common. The male characters are similar in that they both abandon their family. Tomas abandons his family in an avalanche in order to save his own life and Jason abandons his family for another woman. The female characters are also similar in that they both feel betrayed by their husbands actions so they resort drastic measures to get a reaction out of them. Ebba fakes an injury, putting her children at risk of getting lost in the fog. Medea, consumed by rage, murders her children in order to spite her husband.…

    • 333 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Euripides constructs Medea to be a powerful voice in a world of silent women. All women of the time were treated the same way, and they weren’t valued. Medea was a King’s daughter, sorceress and Apollo’s granddaughter, so just those factors made her different. Medea was not herself when she was with Jason, she changed when she became Jason’s wife living as a foreigner in a ‘civilised’ land far from her native home. As “an exile,” Medea has been self-contained and submissive, she has “won a warm welcome from her new fellow citizens” and has been “complete support” to her husband. Despite this, Jason shows “criminal behavior” and leaves Medea for a “princess’ bed” in order to further his own social position. As Medea reminds Jason, he “owes his life” to her; she has helped him gain the Golden Fleece, even killing her own brother to ensure their escape and then tricking Pelias’ daughters into killing their father the King. Medea’s sense of betrayal is then amplified when Jason tries to convince Medea that he did it for…

    • 1687 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In the opening of the play the nurse tells the audience of what preceded the story telling that Medea was passionately in love with Jason causing her to make rash decisions such as engineering the death of Pelias, adhering to Jason’s every whim, having children and, trying her hardest to fit in with the citizens of Corinth (8-15). In this way she is observing Athenian expectations as this suggests that she is being subservient to her husband. This position as an ordinary wife is supported by her first monologue in she talks about what women must go through to secure a husband and how she is stuck inside after the fact (230-245). However in contrast to the Corinthian wives, Medea married for love, which as far as scholars are aware was rare given the Periklean citizenship law.…

    • 1750 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Furthermore, Medea takes offense to men having nothing to bind them to their commitments and women having to uphold to higher standards of commitment. In her eyes this is an injustice because whether it is a man leaving his wife, or a wife leaving her husband it only reflects negatively on the woman. She states “we women are the most wretched…we have bought a husband, we must then accept him as professor of our body… for women, divorce is not respectable; to repel the man, not possible” (24). From this statement we can tell that women are not afforded the same options as men, but still women are less respected if they do not act according to the social expectations of women. Jason leaving Medea not only subjects her to societies ridicule and shame, but a personal shame. The extent of her loyalty as went unappreciated and it results in her feeling used. Medea states, “Do you see how I am used- In spite of those great oaths I bound him with-By my accursed husband? Oh, may I see Jason and his bride ground to pieces in their shattered palace for the wrong they have dared to do to me, unprovoked! ” (22). In Medea's eyes his actions are a betrayal and her actions express those of vengeance. Has much as she has done for him she would have never thought that Jason would have shamed her in the way that he did. The idea that unexpected behavior leads to belittlement can be best expressed in Aristotle's, understanding of an insult, when he states, “if [a person] should have been expecting the opposite. For what is greatly unexpected is the more painful... From these considerations it should be clear what seasons, times, dispositions and ages are easily moved to anger… (144). Medea was not expecting Jason to dishonor her because she has fulfilled…

    • 356 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Medea and Antigone are two stories of passion drove women. Together the women of these stories break the law of man and go against the laws of gods both characters are controlled by their emotion. Medea and Antigone are both strong, sometimes- manipulative, Medea more than Antigone. The themes of both stories; in my mind, are women, passion, and spiritual beliefs. They also are drove by the actions of men in their lives. Both are very morally different and their actions are on completely different reasons.…

    • 1112 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Medea is a powerful but vicious woman whose own actions cause her to fall from the pedestal that she has been living upon her whole life. She comes from a prestigious background as she is the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis. Not only is she a princess, Medea is also a sorceress. This allows her to use magical powers on herself and on others around her. Medea’s downward spiral begins because of her attachment to Jason and her insistent need of extracting revenge against her former love. Her desire for Jason becomes so intense at one point that Medea ends up slaughtering and dismembering her own brother in order to allow Jason to escape from the king. Medea catering to Jason’s needs before her own was just the beginning of her downfall. Jason repaid Medea for her bravery by leaving her and their kids for another woman. This causes Medea to feel unwanted, embarrassed, and tremendously hurt so she concocts a scheme to obtain retribution on Jason. Her endeavor only intensifies her unenviable fate as Medea ends up executing Jason’s new bride, the bride’s father, and her own two children.…

    • 1292 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Medea's first public statement, a sort of "protest speech," is one of the best parts of the play and demonstrates a complex, at times even contradictory, representation of gender. Medea's calm and reasoning tone, especially after her following out bursts of despair and hatred, provides the first display of her ability to gather herself together in the middle of crisis and pursue her hidden agenda with a great determination. This split in her personality is to a certain degree gender bias. The lack of emotional restraint is "typical" of women, and the strong attention to moral action is a common trait of heroes. Medea actually uses both of these traits so that her wild emotions fuel her ideals, thus producing a character that fails to fit into a clear mold.…

    • 658 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Medea Feminist Analysis

    • 611 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Medea sits in her room all day sobbing loudly for the world to hear. She screams and cries as to capture everyone’s attention. As abnormal as it seems, the readers of Euripides’ Medea witnesses this scene at the beginning of the book. The Nurse and Chorus continually speak about the hardships Medea is going through, and tend to feel sorry for her. Euripides emphasizes the point that Medea is going through extreme pain internally with the thought and actions of her killing her own children. [Some may say that Medea is not sympathized with because she is full of so much grief, and her being a witch, is expected to do unexpected things.] However, readers can see that Euripides does sympathize with her because of the repetition of the Nurse and Chorus’s pity, as well as Medea’s own feelings. Throughout Euripides’s Medea, the Nurse and Chorus foreshadow Medea’s evil actions followed by their attempt at trying to stop and…

    • 611 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Medea Research Paper

    • 4900 Words
    • 20 Pages

    After pleading for mercy, Medea is granted one day before she must leave, during which she plans to complete her quest for "justice"--at this stage in her thinking, the murder of Creon, Glauce, and Jason. Jason accuses Medea of overreacting. By voicing her grievances so publicly, she has endangered her life and that of their children. He claims that his decision to remarry was in everyone's best interest. Medea finds him spineless, and she refuses to accept his token offers of help.…

    • 4900 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    (Point) Dido begins to pursue relations with Aeneas, and Aeneas exhibits a lack of self-control by engaging in such relations. (Evidence) On the day of a hunt, Juno wills it to rain so that the hunters would have to seek shelter and the circumstances would allow for the fated union, “Dido and the Trojan leader reach the very same cave… the heavens are party to their union…. That first day is the source of misfortune and death. / Dido’s no longer troubled by appearances or reputation, / she no longer thinks of a secret affair: she calls it marriage: / and with that name disguises her sin" (Vergil 4. 165-172). (Explanation 1) Through these words, Vergil states that Dido and Aeneas sheltered themselves in the same cave, and with the approval of the gods they became one (while noting that this day would cause death and misfortune, no doubt alluding to Dido’s imminent suicide), while Dido suppressed her inhibitions by considering the act as a sign of a marital relationship rather than as a sin. (ex2) Though Vergil describes how Dido overcame her reservations, he makes it apparent that Aeneas had none, and his lack of self-control in dealing with this sensitive matter would put the responsibility of the consequences to come upon himself. (ex3) His decision to allow himself to enter a relationship with Dido proves his lack of the Roman virtue disciplina, and this time, his error would carry the eventual tragic consequence of driving Dido to suicide, which would be a major blow against the Phoenicians. (Transition) He would later make a disciplined decision for once, though it would be too late to undo the wrong that he had done and would serve only to accelerate the consequences of his…

    • 2165 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    When Leunig proclaims “It is the supreme way to hurt my husband,” she reveals to the audience her inability to concede defeat, ultimately leading to the destruction of Jason’s happiness and the City of Corinth’s order. On the surface, it may appear that Medea’s actions are driven by her homelessness and hereditary ties; she faces being left vulnerable with no “native land” to take her back. Yet, ultimately it is Medea’s pride which leads to her exacting revenge. Through her language and character development, Euripides paints the picture of a scorned woman, who must make others share in her own suffering to feel at peace. Medea will ignore the advice and pleas of the Chorus and Nurse, seeing her revenge out until the bitter end.…

    • 618 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Medea Argumentative Essay

    • 1366 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Through their words and actions, other characters push Medea into her excessive nature. Medea is heartbroken when she hears the news that her husband, Jason is leaving her and their sons for the King of Cornith 's daughter. Medea 's Nurse watches as ever since Medea "realized her husband 's perfidy, she has been lying there prostrated, eating no food, her whole frame subdued to sorrow, wasting away with incessant weeping"(Euripides, 38. 22-25). Medea prays for death and believes that "life has lost its savor"(42. 224-225). She has come to understand that she and her children will stay in Cornith living a quiet life when she hears word that…

    • 1366 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Both Fifth century B.C. playwright Euripides and Roman poet and dramatist Ovid tell the story of Jason ditching Medea for another woman; however, they do not always share a perspective on the female matron's traits, behavior, and purpose. Euripides portrays a woman who reacts to injustice by beginning a crusade to avenge all who harmed her which she is prepared to see through even if it means resorting to the most contemptible methods. Ovid, on the other hand, tells of a much less extreme figure whose humble goal is only to persuade Jason to return. Despite these differences, both Medeas create trouble by acting with emotions instead of with reason, and as a result, put themselves in regrettable situations.…

    • 1553 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Women In The Aeneid

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages

    For example, Dido sets herself as Aeneas’s first obstacle in his journey to Rome, setting aside Juno with her indirect interferences. Although infatuated by Venus’s spell, in Book 6, Dido’s cold and fiery response to Aeneas in the underworld suggests that she is holding grudge against Aeneas due to his departure, which indicates that her love toward Aeneas partially comes out of her own will. Moreover, since Sychaeus recently passed away, Dido’s love demonstrates women’s unfaithfulness in marriage and to men. While representing disloyalty, Dido also attempt to prevent Aeneas from traveling to Rome by using love as a binding. Furthermore, in the poem, Helen and Lavinia are treated as objects, where Helen is the cost of the Trojan War and Lavinia is the prize to the victor of the Italian-Trojan War. In Book 12, before Turnus sets off to the battlefield, he proclaims, “the war will be decided by our blood; the bride Lavinia will be won upon that field.” (The Aeneid, 12.107-109) Through this quote, it is apparent that Turnus treats Lavinia as if she’s a prize, an object, that lacks her own free will; Turnus’s action further demotes the relationship between men and women in the eyes of Romans. Moreover, Lavinia being the prize to the war disorient the purpose to the war and causes Turnus to act irrationally and out of his passion for Lavinia. On top of that, in…

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Excessive Pride

    • 570 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Dangers of pride and having excessive pride can be harmful. Both the book the Aeneid and the play Medea are some good examples of why pride can be harmful. The Aeneid was written by one of the greatest known roman poets during the Golden Age of Rome, Virgil. Virgil was requested to write the aeneid by Octvious because he wanted Virgil to write Rome a history. Virgil wrote a 12-book epic that tells a story about a love story about a queen named Queen Dido and a man named Aeneas. The main focus in Book IV of the Aeneid was Virgil gives specific details about why Aeneus has to leave Queen Dido right after they marry. On the other hand the play Medea was written by Euripides in 431 B.C. Medea was about a sorcerer named Medea and her husband named Jason who decided to leave her. The theme for the Aeneid was “Duty to you gods before personal desire”. As for the play Medea the theme was “To think rationally in difficult times”. Both essentially resulting in death for instance the killing Queen Dido’s self, and killing sons to seek revenge.…

    • 570 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays