Preview

Marine Anthropology Topographic Analysis

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
435 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Marine Anthropology Topographic Analysis
Marine archaeologists can use topographic data, specifically in a marine chart, to analyze the site of a sunken ship. As charts include the data of the ocean floor along with one’s outlines of courses and positions, they should aid any mariner in avoiding potential hazards at sea ("What Is a"). For marine archaeologists, it familiarizes them to the seafloor of their site, hopefully encouraging them to carefully plan out their survey and excavation of the site. Though not only should archaeologists be aware of the general factors of their site, they should also record details of the sunken ship itself, such as a measurement of its immersion to the seafloor.

Marine charts provide detailed information on what is beneath the water surface, an area that is usually invisible to the naked eye. Terrestrial maps, on the other hand, only present the details of the surface above the sea ("Differences"). Both feature contour lines which illustrate the lengths of their appropriate
…show more content…
Even though magma does rise and erupt at the spreading center, its volcanic process is not overly violent since the divergent plates are typically underwater. For this reason, the magma forms new oceanic crust in its eruption. Deep-sea trenches are a notorious bathymetric feature of convergent plate boundaries which often form at subduction zones, where one converging plate is moving beneath the other, hence their deep nature. As this plate descends further into the mantle, magma rises and partially melts the overlapping mantle; this may lead to a violent eruption which will come to form volcanoes and island arcs ("What Features"). Transform plate boundaries do not have a specific bathymetric feature, although they do include fault lines, distinguished as the gap between two tectonic plates sliding past each

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    This type of plate collapse is a convergent boundary. When the plates crashes, it creates a hot spot in the center, which is the cause of the creation of mountains that come out of the oceans, which we call volcanoes.…

    • 281 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    References: Murck, B., Skinner, B., & Mackenzie, D. (2010). Visualizing Geology (2nd ed., pp. 212-243). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.…

    • 1072 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    At a hotspot, the underlying mantle is hotter than average causing ‘mantle plumes’ to rise to the bottom of the lithosphere, find a thin or weak part of the lithosphere, and breaks through. In the case of the Hawaiian islands, the hotspot is underneath an oceanic plate and the lava has built up until it is higher than the surface of the sea. These hotspots remain in the same place in relation to the mantle, but the plates move across the hotspots. The Pacific plate has moved across a hotspot in the ocean leaving the chain of Hawaiian Islands which have been formed at different times over millions of years. By dating the rocks which make up the Hawaiian Islands, it is clear that the tectonic plate must be moving in relation to the hotspot- a key piece of volcanic evidence.…

    • 1251 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    When the plates move apart, molten material from under the crust moves up to replace the separating crust, resulting in sea floor spreading.…

    • 2390 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    GEO FINAL STUDY GUIDE

    • 6690 Words
    • 27 Pages

    Convergent- Plates move toward each other and collide, or the more dense plate subducts below the less dense plate. (Forms volcanoes and trenches)…

    • 6690 Words
    • 27 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Anth 368

    • 1944 Words
    • 8 Pages

    The earth’s crust is made out of plate tectonics. Each plate has a defined boundary and direction it moves. The plates in Earth’s crust perform two actions; they submerge under each other or they spread out. The Pacific Plate is the largest plate and it borders around many plates. The Pacific Plate moves northwest. New crust is formed from magma outpours, which are a result of the zones spreading. The tectonic plates created the islands. When the tectonic plates move, it creates the change in geography. Active volcanoes together shape the way islands are build. The magma from the volcano and the deposits from the plate are needed to create the pacific islands structure. The buildup of deposits eventually pushes pass sea level to create the island. The islands that are part of the same volcanic chain will all take over a millions years to rise.…

    • 1944 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    02.10 Module 02 Review

    • 478 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Charts have aided mariners ever since the Alexandrian astronomer Ptolemy created the first world atlas in the second century A.D. The redoubtable Ptolemy even plotted latitude and longitude lines on his atlas's 27 maps, though the farther one got from the known world centered on the Mediterranean, the dangerously less reliable they became. Even before Ptolemy, there were sailing directions -- the Greeks called them periplus or "circumnavigation" -- that were compiled from information collected from sailors far and wide. One of these, The Periplus of the Eritrean Sea, a document written in the first century by a Greek merchant living in Alexandria, described trading routes as far east as India. By the 10th century, Italian-made portolans supplied…

    • 478 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Geography Quiz

    • 2615 Words
    • 11 Pages

    Island-forming trenches are arc-shaped depressions in the deep-ocean floor. They occur where a converging oceanic plate is subducting; the San Andreas system in the west pacific ocean is a classic example…

    • 2615 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Plate Tectonics Theory

    • 470 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Plate tectonics theory, which is the modern theory of the motions of Earth’s layer, explains how geological features, such as mountain ranges, continents, and bodies of water move and form. An important aspect of plate tectonics theory is that the outer layer of the earth is divided into plates which move across the earth’s surface. “These plates move relative to each other, typically at rates of 2-4 inches per year. As the plates move, they interact along their boundaries” (Plate Tectonics). In other words, the formation of geological features occur at the plate boundaries which is where plates slide and interact. There are four types of plate boundaries: divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, transform…

    • 470 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    A volcanic or seismic hazard can have an effect on all people from differing economic backgrounds and the extent of the disaster if often directly linked to the magnitude of the earthquake or the areal extent of the volcanic eruption. This is therefore a result of the occurrence of type of plate boundary. A volcanic eruption produced at a destructive plate boundaries is likely to be much more devastating than at a constructive. This occurs because the volcano is usually composite and therefore expresses rhyolitic lava with low silica content and therefore erupts unpredictably and with great force. At this plate boundary, a denser plate (e.g. oceanic or and older plate) subducts a less dense plate (continental or newer) and this plate descends into the asthenosphere. The plate melts at the Benioff zone due to increased temperatures and pressures and stress is…

    • 1487 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    There are three different types of earthquakes Convergent boundary which is where one plate is forced over another plate during movement creating a thrust fault. A Divergent boundary is when the plates are forced apart from each other, usually forming a Rift Zone. This is common underneath the water on ocean floors.An example is the Mid Atlantic Ridge. The last one is the Transform fault, unlike divergent and convergent, the plates here slip by each other. This is also called…

    • 514 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Marineland Research Paper

    • 518 Words
    • 3 Pages

    As you walk into Marineland, and you see all the posters of the cute sea lions, dolphins, orcas etc. You think to yourself, “Wow, this park is the best! Everything looks so clean, and the animals in the poster look like they’re treated well, right?” Wrong. In reality, most of the animals are kept in dirty, tiny cages. How do these people expect for the animals to somehow survive in these inhumane conditions?…

    • 518 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    These maps included the trade routes that were newly discovered and the multiple lands found on famous explorations. According to Elliot, the first map was created in 1507, and showed that Asia was not connected to North and South America, which many believed at the time. Soon after, atlases were printed and distributed so travellers could have the correct mapping of the earth within their pockets. (Elliot) Not only did their cartography skills improve over time, their shipbuilding ways also were impacted. There were a huge number of advancements made to ships to make them easier for trading and sailing on the open waters. During long voyages, there was a carpenter on each ship, no matter how high quality a ship was, and they checked up on and repaired the ship during the voyage. (Kling 18) There were different types of ships built for different types of sailing. For example, the Fluit ship was generally used for trading; it could withstand the colder climates and could hold more cargo than others. A Carrack was typically a good ship for exploring, since it could hold more men and enough food for those men to last them. The “Victoria”, which was a type of Carrack ship, was the first ship to successfully travel around the world. (Mariners’ Museum) The only way they could have made these ships from this time period any better would be to limit the amount of fighting the sailors had to do off-ship.…

    • 1075 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Mid Atlantic Ridge, like other ocean ridge systems, has developed as a consequence of the divergent motion between the Eurasian and North American, and African and South American Plates. As the mantle rises towards the surface below the ridge the pressure is lowered (decompression) and the hot rock starts to partially melt. This produces basaltic volcanoes when an eruption occurs above the surface (Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland) and characteristic basalt “pillow lava” in underwater eruptions. In this way, as the plates move further apart new ocean lithosphere is formed at the ridge and the ocean basin gets wider. This process is known as “sea floor spreading” and results in a symmetrical alignment of the rocks of the ocean floor which get older with distance from the ridge crest.…

    • 505 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    – Case Study 13): During the course of the Virtual Scylla Project, considerable support in the form of bottom profiling and side-scan sonar data was provided by the Royal Navy’s hydrographic teams. These data supported the planning of activities during the short windows of opportunity available to conduct ROV surveys on the actual wreck. Whilst presenting the Virtual Scylla Project at an NMA public event, a naval representative expressed interest in developing the simulation effort further, to address the visualisation of seabed topography and artefacts, using bathymetric data collected by the Navy’s hydrographic fleet. The resulting multi-window display concept, comprising seabed topographical representations supplemented with chart textures and simulated ROV views in real time, has also generated interest on the part of maritime heritage organisations for the mapping of seabed sites and artefacts and the planning of expeditions to those…

    • 769 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays