Literature Review About Fast Food
REVIEW OF LITERATURE OF FAST FOOD INDUSTRYACCORDING TO AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WINE ECONOISTS STUDY, TheEffect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity,(January 2009):ABSTRACT:This Study investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast foodusing the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. They ask how the supply of fast foodaffects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 1 million pregnantwomen. On the other side, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with obesity andweight gain. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesityand weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food oncaloric intake are at least one order of magnitude smaller for mothers, which suggests that they areless constrained by travel costs than school children. The study shows that policies restricting accessto fast food near schools could have significant effects on obesity among school children, but similar policies restricting the availability of fast food in residential areas are unlikely to have large effectson adults.Conclusions:This study investigates the health consequences of proximity to fast food for two vulnerable groups:young teens and pregnant women. The focus on very close distances and the presence of a large arrayof controls alleviates issues of endogenous fast-food placement. The results point to a significanteffect of proximity to fast food restaurant on the risk of obesity. Specifically, They show that the presence of a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in the obesity rate in that school (relative to the presence at .25 miles). Consistentwith highly non-linear transportation costs, they do not find evidence of an effect at .25 miles and at.5 miles. The effect for pregnant women is quantitatively smaller and more linear in distance.