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Literature Justification Definition

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Literature Justification Definition
Literature Justification for Blended/Reverse Instruction
Liberty University
Debra White
December 2011

Abstract The concept of a reversed classroom is a logical next step from discovering the benefits of more time on task, direct instruction, reduced lecture time, and modifying homework tasks. If teachers are to find time to increase time on task and direct instruction; and greater comprehension is shown from shorter lectures over longer ones; and if homework is more beneficial when it is reduced into manageable portions; then the best division of labor is to assign the short lecture as homework to give teachers that time in class actively engaged in the application of the lesson(s.) Rigorous literature on the reversed classroom is …show more content…
(Stein 1998) Podcast/vodcast – audio or video/audio files that can be downloaded from the internet for personal use.

Literature Justification for Blended/Reverse Instruction

Introduction Jonathan Bergmann and Aaron Sams began a movement. They didn’t intend to; they simply responded to the needs of their own classrooms and collaborated on an idea that was initially intended for their absent students. Then it grew into a method that freed them up to be more actively involved with students during their class periods. It involved video recording their lectures for at home use, and practicing the material and assignments with direct instruction and guidance during class time, thus “flipping”, or reversing, their use of instruction time (Bergmann 2009.) The results were so positive that many others are replicating the method across the nation and tech companies are filling the need with products, (see appendix), that go far beyond PowerPoint® for formatting the lectures they deliver to their students. This concept has been called by a few names: reverse classroom, reverse instruction, flipped classroom, and/or blended instruction, however, the opportunity created by the “flip” to increase teacher-student interaction …show more content…
Computers & Education Vol. 54(2) pp350-359 A

Friesen, N. (2011). The lecture as a transmedial pedagogical form: a historical analysis. Educational Researcher, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 95–102 DOI: 10.3102/0013189X11404603
© 2011 AERA. http://er.aera.net B

Higgins, K.; Boone, R. (1992) Hypermedia computer study guides for Social Studies: Adapting a Canadian history test. Social Education, 56(3) p. 154-59 B, C

Higgins, L. (2011) School 's radical flip gets results. Retrieved 11/12/2011 from: Detroit Free Press Oct.23, 2011 A

Keith, T.Z. (1982) Time spent on homework and high school grades: A large-sample path analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology 1982, Vol. 74, No. 2, 248-253. C

Matthews, M.S.; Farmer, J.L.(2008) Factors affecting the Algebra I achievement of academically talented learners. Journal of Advanced Academics, 19(3), 472-501 B

McFeeley, Robert and Milner, Joseph O., Ph.D. (2009) The kernel lecture and its effect on student engagement. Wake Forest University Department of Education lecture. Research Projects Presented at Annual Research Forum Retrieved on Nov. 12, 2011
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