Preview

International Trade & FDI in India

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
3294 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
International Trade & FDI in India
INTRODUCTION

Indian market is one of the largest market with high purchasing power. Lot s of work to be done in the field of logistics & supply chain management. It is not possible for Indian government alone to developed world class infrastructure and other allied facilities because of huge investment requirement . FDI in India has in a lot of ways enabled India to achieve a certain degree of financial stability, growth and development. In order to create new & more jobs , FDI is the success mantra now. FDI no doubt is creating innovation in retail sector but simultaneously it may pull down the local and domestic retailers of India which is surely a concern to worry about for Indian government. It reduces the gap between farm prices and retail prices. Gives best management practices from all over the world.
The main objective of this paper is to examine the long-run relationship of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) & International Trade in the Indian economy. In this paper we study the effects of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with respect to India and its economy. We try to analyze the merits and demerits of FDI upon implementation in the Indian domestic market. Finally, the analysis is also motivated by the current worldwide trend towards assessing the impact of FDI on the economy India.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a direct investment into production or business in a country by an individual or company of another country, either by buying a company in the target country or by expanding operations of an existing business in that country. Foreign direct investment is in contrast to portfolio investment which is a passive investment in the securities of another country such as stocks and bonds. FDI inflow into the core sectors is assumed to play a vital role as a source of capital, management, and technology in countries of transition economies. It implies that FDI can have positive effects on a host economy’s development effort. Broadly, foreign



References: Wikipedia.org www.tradingeconomics.com www.rbi.org.in

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    The integration of the global economy has strengthened the international integration of goods, technology, labour and capital. This process of cross-border restrictions eliminations on international capital flows has increased the growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) activity. Many countries make every effort to attract FDI because it will bring a substantial growth to their economy, in addition to its function as the principal vehicle of international capital movement.…

    • 3528 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays an extraordinary and growing role in global business. It can provide a firm with new markets and marketing channels, cheaper production facilities, access to new technology, products, skills and financing. For a host country or the foreign firm which receives the investment, it can provide a source of new technologies, capital, processes, products, organizational technologies and management skills, and as such can provide a strong impetus to economic development. Foreign direct investment, in its classic definition, is defined as a company from one country making a physical investment into building a factory in another country. The direct investment in buildings, machinery and equipment is in contrast with making a portfolio investment, which is considered an indirect investment. In recent years, given rapid growth and change in global investment patterns, the definition has been broadened to include the acquisition of a lasting management interest in a company or enterprise outside the investing firm’s home…

    • 4982 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Tarun Kanti Bose (Corresponding author) Assistant Professor, Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University Khulna 9208, Bangladesh Tel: 880-1911-451-044 Received: February 25, 2012 doi:10.5539/ibr.v5n5p164 Abstract This study was directed towards detecting the positive and negative sides for the foreign investors while they go for direct investment in India and China. A descriptive and explorative research study has been carried out for investigating the current proposition of the concerned case of FDI in those two countries. Advantages of investing in India includes-Huge market size and a fast developing economy, availability of diversified resources and cheap labour force, increasing improvement of infrastructure, public private partnerships, IT revolution and English literacy, openness towards FDI, regulatory framework, and investment protection, where as few drawbacks likes huge section of poor and middle class, bureaucracy, power shortage and ethnic diversified are also available in the country. As far as the case of China is concern positives areas are the immense size and growth of the Chinese economy and very bright prospects, resource availability and low cost of labour force, immense development in relevant infrastructure, openness to international trade and easy access to international markets, development and alteration of the regulatory framework, investment protection and promotion. There are also few drawbacks as well like the regulator burden, hindrances in free flow of information, lack of English literacy and so on. Keywords: FDI, India, China, Positives and negatives, International trade 1. Introduction In this 21ST century globalization makes this planet as a global village and people of different countries are getting closer and closer (Dunning, 2002). Due to immense development of technologies…

    • 7942 Words
    • 32 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Abstract Some emerging markets have been leaders in the world and have grown at a higher rate benefiting from higher Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) by Trans National Corporations (TNCs) and some have been laggards and have not able to attract as much FDI and grow that efficiently. Why China gets 60 billion dollars FDI annually as compared to India that does not even get 6 billion dollars is an intriguing question? This dissertation explores the determinants of FDI in such emerging economies to answer the above question. What has India done till now to attract FDI? What has been China’s strategy to become the most FDI attracting country in the world? What lessons India can learn from China and improve its FDI inflow? The study attempts to theorize what lessons emerging markets that are laggards in attracting FDI, such as India, can learn from leader countries in attracting FDI, such as China in the global economy. This study fills the gap in the literature by analyzing the Indian data at the relevant micro state level for the period 1992-2005 and comparing it with the Chinese data for period of 1978-2005 at the relevant economic zone level. Indian FDI attraction model was tested using OLS and autoregressive models and it was found that India has grown due to its human capital, size of the market, rate of growth of the market, and political stability. For China, congenial business climate factors comprising of making structural changes, creating strategic infrastructure at SEZs, and…

    • 2379 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    UNDOUBTEDLY, China's track record in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) is far superior to that of India. In fact, India has been considered an "underachiever" in attracting FDI. However, within this otherwise firm conviction about unmatched Chinese superiority in attracting FDI inflows vis-à-vis India, there has occasionally been some scepticism about what all China includes while compiling its FDI figures and consequently about the actual intensity of the FDI gap between China and India as suggested by the official statistics of the respective countries. On the other hand, it has been pointed out in the FDI literature that Indian FDI is hugely under-reported because of non-conformity of India's method of measuring FDI to the international standards.…

    • 1734 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    References: Adamopoulos, A., Dritsaki, Ch., and Dritsaki, M. 2005. “A Causal Relationship between Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and Economic Growth for Greece.” American Journal of Applied Sciences 1: 230-235. Alalaya M.M. 2008. “ARDL Models Applied for Jordan Trade, FDI and GDP Series (19902008)”. European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 13, Number 4, 605-616. Alia, A.A. and Ucal, M.S. 2003. “Foreign direct investment, exports and output growth of Turkey: Causality Analysis”, Paper presented at the European Trade Study Group (ETSG) fifth annual conference, Madrid, 11-13, Sept. Alguacil, M.T., Cuadros A. and Orts, V. 2000. “Openness and Growth: Re-Examining Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, and Output Linkages in Latin America.” University Jaume I of Caastellon, Spain. Athukorala, P.P.A.W. 2003. “The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment for Economic Growth: A Case Study in Sri Lanka.” International Conference on Sri Lanka Studies, http://www.freewebs.com/slageconf/9thics/spprslfulp092.pdf Balassa, B. 1985. “Exports, Policy Choices and Economic Growth in Developing Countries after the 1973 Oil Shock.” Journal of Development Economics 18 (1): 23-35. Balasubramanyam, V.N., Salisu M.A. and Sapsford, D. 1996. “Foreign direct investment and growth in EP and IS countries”. The Economic Journal, 106: 92-105. Baliamoune-Lutz, M. 2004. “Does FDI Contribute to Economic Growth? Knowledge about the Effects FDI Improves Negotiating Positions and Reduce Risk for Firms Investing in Developing Countries”. Business Economics April: 49-55. Blomstrom, M., Lipsey R. and Zejan M. 1992. “What explains Developing Country Growth?”, NBER Working Paper Series, No. 4132. Borensztein, E., Gregorio, J.D. and Lee, J.W. 1998. “How does foreign direct investment affect economic growth?” Journal of International Economics, 45: 115-35. Boughzala, M., 2010. “The Tunisia-European Union Free Trade Area Fourteen Years”. http://www.iemed.org/anuari/2010/aarticles/Boughazala_Tunisia_EU_en.pdf Boyd, J.H. and Smith, B.D. 1992. “Intermediation and the Equilibrium Allocation of Investment Capital: Implications for Economics Development”, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 30, pp. 409-32.…

    • 7607 Words
    • 31 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Abstract: (With the initiation of new economic policy in 1991 and subsequent reforms process, India has witnessed a change in the flow and direction of foreign direct investment (FDI) into the country. This is mainly due to the removal of restrictive and regulated practices. Foreign direct investment in India increased from US $ 129 millions in 1991-92 to US $ 40,885 million in March, 2005, an increase of about 316.9 times. However, the country is far behind in comparison to some of the developing countries like China. In so far as growth trend of FDI is concerned, there has been quite impressive growth of FDI inflow into the country during this period. However, negative growth rate is noticed during the period 1998-2000 primarily due to falling share of major investor countries, steep fall of approval by 55.7% in 1998 compared to 1997 and slackening of fresh equity. However, traditional industrial sectors like food processing industries, textiles, etc. which were once important sectors attracting larger FDI, have given way to modern industrial sectors like electronics and electrical equipments, etc. In this paper analysis on the factors affecting potentiality and challenges of FDI in the country is discussed and open a room for future discussion.)…

    • 7064 Words
    • 29 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Fdi Boon or Bane

    • 5104 Words
    • 21 Pages

    India is the attractive and profit oriented market for the investment to developed countries. Despite its good surplus and evergreen sector, the Retail-business in India lacks in Capital Investment and lack of transparency. The retailers are just focusing on urban sector and are unable to penetrate in rural sector.…

    • 5104 Words
    • 21 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been recognized as an important resource for economic development. Many people argue that the flows of FDI could fill the gap between desired investments and domestically mobilized saving. In recent decades under the changing modes of international transactions and cross-border mobilization of production factors, foreign direct investment (FDI) attracted great attention not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. The open FDI regime forced the host countries to adopt greater deregulation policies and reliance on market forces in their economies. Most developing countries such as Pakistan now considered FDI as the major external source of funding to meet obligations of resources gap and economic growth, however it is difficult to measure economic effects with precision. Nevertheless, various empirical studies showed a significant role of inward FDI in economic growth of the developing countries, through its contribution in human resources, capital formation, enhancing of organizational and managerial skills, and transfer of technology, promoting exports and imports and the network effect of marketing. The other positive spillover effect was that the presence of foreign firm helps expand infrastructure facilities, which makes it easier and profitable for local firms to crowd-in.…

    • 5659 Words
    • 23 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Fdi in India

    • 3004 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Foreign direct investment (FDI) is direct investment into production or business in a country by a company in another country, either by buying a company in the target country or by expanding operations of an existing business in that country. Foreign direct investment is done for many reasons including to take advantage of cheaper wages or for special investment privileges such as tax exemptions offered by the country as an incentive to gain tariff-free access to the markets of the country or the region. Foreign direct investment is in contrast to portfolio investment which is a passive investment in the securities of another country such as stocks and bonds.…

    • 3004 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    As the largest country in the south Asian subcontinent, India is not only one of the oldest ancient civilizations, but it also is one of the fastest growing countries in the world. In India the development of the software industry is outstanding, also the finance, research, technical and services industry is developing rapidly. From 2011 to 2012 the gross domestic product (GDP) of India was growing from 1710.9 billion of U.S. dollars to 1872.9 billion which is near 9.5% increase (see figure 1). For this reason more and more oversea company pay more attention to the India, also more and more foreign direct investment (FDI) choose into the Indian market. This report discusses that what effect from the Indian political economy make to the FDI.…

    • 1262 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Study of Fdi

    • 3427 Words
    • 14 Pages

    Foreign Direct Investment has been one of the most relevant topics studied and researched in the recent part. If we see its origin in our country, it can be traced back to the arrival of East India Co., though after independence India as country, restrained itself from any foreign financial investment for most of the time till 1990. Due to various problems like decreasing export, balance of payment problem etc., Indian economy went for a major reform. It was liberalised and inclusion of private players and need of foreign investment and technology was considered as a major factor in economic growth. With this objective, India opened many sectors for foreign direct investment. Our scope of study consist…

    • 3427 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Impact of Fdi in India

    • 10214 Words
    • 41 Pages

    The purpose of the paper is to estimate and analyze the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and exports in India for the post-liberalization period (1991-2005). The relevant data is collected for a 15-year period from 1991-2005 from various published sources such as World Investment Report (WIR) and Secretariat for Industrial Assistance (SIA). The data is then analyzed using simple linear regression analysis to find the impact of FDI on various variables. Growth rates are evaluated and trends are analyzed using various tools. This study establishes the relationship between the FDI inflows and exports and GDP in the Indian economy. A greater inflow of foreign capital has lead to growth in the exports of goods and services and also growth of the economy over the period of study. These results have great policy implications giving a direction to the policymakers that further liberalization attempts can be made without apprehensions about its impact on the overall economic growth and balance of trade.…

    • 10214 Words
    • 41 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Rise of Fdi in Asia

    • 2572 Words
    • 11 Pages

    The past two decades have witness a significant economic growth in many Asian countries with a development of their foreign investment. Beginning from 1980s, foreign direct investment flows rapidly with increasing number of multinational enterprises. There has been a significant sign that developing countries, especially the countries located in the Asia-pacific regions have shown absorption of FDI inflows. In the rise of Asian economies, foreign direct investment played an important role in increasing the GDP of a variety of Asian countries. Thus FDI has become a principal source of external capital for Asian nations. (David, Jung-Soo, 2003) And based on studies and researches conducted, we can conclude that FDI has a positive relationship with the host country’s economic growth. (Dharmendra, Saif and Kamal, 2009) Generally the most enduring effect of FDI to the host country is technology transfer. (Stephen, 1999) Besides, some other benefits include capital inflows, employment level increase, improvement of integration with the global market and total GDP increase. The role of FDI in the rise of several Asian countries including…

    • 2572 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Fdi in India

    • 2806 Words
    • 12 Pages

    The Sub-continent has become the prime target for foreign direct investment. India ranks 6th among the top 10 countries for Foreign direct investment. Although not in the front line, it has become an attractive destination for foreign investment1. India’s economic policies are tailored to attract substantial capital inflows and to sustain such inflows of capital. Policy initiatives taken over a period of years have resulted in significant capital inflows of foreign investment in all areas of economy including the public sector. This paper analysis the structure of economic reforms during the pre- independence and post independence era in the context of growth of foreign direct investment and the risks posed by the political, economic and social conditions for foreign investors. Essentially, this paper seeks to analyse and understand the economics and politics of India’s progressive integration with the global economy.…

    • 2806 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays