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Intercambio Biologico

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Intercambio Biologico
Práctica de La materia de Bioquímica I, tercer semestre de La Carrera de ing. Bioquímica, semestre 2009-2010.

Practica 2. Enzimas: Catalasa y alfa-amilasa

Dra. America Pech y Akè

Enzimas: Catalasa y alfa-amilasa

Objetivos General. Que el alumno conozca, comprenda y pueda observa y valorar la acción de las enzimas en los alimentos y pueda comprender cada uno de los conceptos relacionados con las enzimas como son la catalasa y alfa amilasa en las practicas a realizar en diferentes alimentos y le permita alumno comprender el proceso para poder aplicarlo en la adquisición de conocimientos básicos y en los procesos industriales e investigación particulares 1. Observar la presencia de la enzima catalasa en tejidos animales y vegetales. 2. Comprobar la acción de la temperatura sobre la actividad de las enzimas. 3. Comprobar la acción hidrolítica de la amilasa en los alimentos.

Las enzimas son proteínas que sirven como catalizadores. Ellas son las encargadas de regulas la catálisis, incrementando o disminuyendo la velocidad de las reacciones químicas, una enzima actúa sobre un sustrato específico, son sustancias que participan sin consumirse durante la reacción, son vitales para el funcionamiento del cuerpo en la digestión, ellas son las que hacen posible los procesos que normalmente podrían no ocurrir solo a temperaturas altas.
Las enzimas son proteínas que trabajan agrupadas con otro componentes no-proteínicos llamados coenzimas.
Los cofactores pueden ser:
Grupos orgánicos que son permanentemente unidos a la enzima (grupo prostético), Cationes iones metálicos cargados positivos (activadores), los cuales se unen temporalmente al sitio activo de la enzima dando una intensa carga positiva a la proteína de la enzima, una molécula orgánica, generalmente vitaminas o hecho de vitaminas (coenzimas), los cuales no permanecen unidos a la molécula de la enzima, pero se combina con el complejo enzima-sustrato temporalmente.
En las

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