Richard Eugene Hickock and Perry Smith were found guilty of murder in the first degree and their punishment is death. "Can there be a single doubt in your minds regarding the guilt in your defendants? No! Regardless of who pulled the trigger on Richard Eugene Hickock's shotgun, both men are equally guilty... penalty-death." (303)…
The Civil Rights movement of the 1960s was led in two distinctive ways by two very different men with all but the same aims and goals. Both Malcolm X and Martin Luther King wanted a better life for African Americans, although it is clear that Martin Luther King was far more successful than his rival. King’s leadership and inspiration as a figurehead for the movement, as well as his establishment of the SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) were vital in the resurgence of the movement in February 1960 and onward. Malcolm X however was a role model and respected leader to the black youth of America, with aggressive methods that provided a stark contrast to that of King. King’s methods were what enabled him to see more success than Malcolm X in the fight for African American Civil Rights.…
The rest of the film is also full of ideological ideas. One of the most prevalent themes of the movie is the pictures that were on the wall of the Pizza place. One of the men in the neighborhood tried to form a boycott of the pizza place because there were no Black people on the wall. He mentioned Malcolm X and Nelson Mandella as examples of black leaders, but the owner said that since it was his shop, only Italian-Americans would be put on the wall. This is another example of how Spike Lee was attempting to attack the status quo. Not until the very end of the movie when the handicapped guy puts a picture of Malcolm X on the burnt, damaged wall does the film resolve the black leaders problem.…
Historically, Martin Luther King Jr. is noted for preaching nonviolence: a principle employed and derived by Mahatma Gandhi. In his Letter From A Birmingham Jail, King notes, “Mindful of the difficulties involved, we decided to undertake a process of self purification. We began a series of workshops on nonviolence, and we repeatedly asked ourselves: "Are you able to accept blows without retaliating?" "Are you able to endure the ordeal of jail?"1. No matter the circumstance, King urged his followers to practice unyielding nonviolence. Towards the end of her novel, Anne Moody’s mentality on this firm principle of nonviolent protest begins to break. The amalgamation of Emmett Till’s murder, the Birmingham Church Bombing, and her own racism-stricken past, leads her to renounce this method of action. “As long as I live, I’ll never be beaten by a white man again… You know something else, God? Nonviolence is out. I have a good idea Martin Luther King is talking to you, too. If he is, tell him that nonviolence has served its purpose.”2. Moody contains an almost uncontrollable youthful aggression, tied in with visions of anarchy and rebellion. “I felt like racing up and down between the tables, smashing food into their faces, breaking dishes over their heads, and all the time I would shout and yell Murderers…”2 Moody’s aggressive mindset seems distant from King’s level headedness, but justified given their disparity in age as well as their differing…
Within the eleven chapters that comprise Waiting 'Til the Midnight Hour lays a treasure chest of information for anyone interested in Black or African American history, particularly the civil rights movement that took place during the 1950’s and 1960’s. I am a self-professed scholar of African American history and I found an amazing amount of information that I was not aware of. Like most who claim to be Black History experts, I was aware of the roles of Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Rosa Parks, W.E.B. Du Bois and Marcus Garvey. However, I was not aware of the impact that so many lesser known figures had in the civil rights movement. It was refreshing to learn of the roles played by Harold Cruse, Arturo Schomburg, Richard Wright, Ella Baker and Robert F. Williams. Reading this book definitely gave me a new perspective on the civil rights movement and the legacies of its leaders. Waiting ‘Til the Midnight Hour took me on a journey through the tumultuous events of the civil rights movement, as well as introducing me to key players in the movement of which I was previously unaware. In addition, the book served as an avenue of connecting the various segments and factions of the civil rights movement. The book also did a great job of presenting the nationwide struggle of African Americans rather than focusing on one specific geographical area. It was a daunting task, but the author did a great job of accurately placing all the pieces of the puzzle together that comprised the struggle for freedom.…
Everyone that has been through the American school system within the past 20 years knows exactly who Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is, and exactly what he did to help shape the United States to what it is today. In the beginning of the book, Martin Luther King Jr. Apostle of Militant Nonviolence, by James A. Colaiaco, he states that “this book is not a biography of King, [but] a study of King’s contribution to the black freedom struggle through an analysis and assessment of his nonviolent protest campaigns” (2). Colaiaco discusses the successful protests, rallies, and marches that King put together. . Many students generally only learn of Dr. King’s success, and rarely ever of his failures, but Colaiaco shows of the failures of Dr. King once he started moving farther North.…
Mother in turn serves her masters, the company, Wayland-Yutani, a corporate entity with an agenda that supersedes the morality of its crew. As Mother’s computer read out reveals Roger Luckhurst writes…
SNCC believed in taking a stance by being non-violent. Important civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. also believed in non-violence. This was a positive way to bring up black people by showing that violence was not the only way they knew how to fight. As a tactic blacks need to show that they deserved to be citizens, by being non-violent it showed that they could be civil. This also helped with relations between blacks and whites showing that violence was from racist whites, not initiated from blacks.…
Making a powerful statement for black equality, African Americans took the world to its knees in the era of the 1950’s-1960’s by forming the Black Panther Party. This movement displayed an intolerance for harsh accusations, brutality and unjust treatment. At that time African Americans made a huge impact on every race, not just their own. The group wanted to ensure that all African Americans would have access to an equal opportunity in employment, education, housing, and granted entry to every public facility without being harassed with inscresiating words. In attempt to embed this matter in society, the Black Panther Party was formed to stop police brutality against innocent African Americans.…
There was a large portion of the black community that believed the way to fight injustice was in the courts, and so, they disapproved the SCLC practice of protesting regardless of if it was peaceful or not. Martin Luther King Jr. was elected to be the leader of the SCLC. It was under his leadership that they SCLC had quite a few successful campaigns, such as; changing the Georgia state flag (which had been a Confederate flag before), spoke out against police brutality, and the most famous “I Have a Dream Speech.” Under Shelby’s scope of nationalism the Southern Christian Leadership Conference would be considered weak black nationalism or rather, pragmatic nationalist. Despite the hardships and criticism the SCLC faced through the civil rights movement, their organization has stood the test of time. They still exist today and practice fighting for injustice and inequality. In fact, they are now a nationwide organization instead of limited to the southern…
According to history.com staff, the SNCC the organization was “formed to give younger blacks more of a voice in the civil rights movement, became one of the movement’s more radical branches.” Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. with his nonviolent policy touched the hearts of many Africans Americans and was a powerful voice and inspiration for members of SNCC. History.com staff agrees, “…Encouraged those who formed SNCC to look beyond integration to broader social change and to view King’s principle of nonviolence more as a political tactic than as a way of life.” The SNCC is known for the “One Man, One Vote” registrations campaigns. In the article, “What is SNCC,” “SNCC paved the way for a new generation of black elected officials across the south. By breaking the grip of “Dixiecrats” on southern politics, they changed forever politics in America.” The SNCC was a huge voice for the civil rights…
Dancer in the Dark is a movie about Selma a Czech immigrant and a single mother working in a factory in rural America. Her salvation is her deep passion for music, specifically, the singing and dancing numbers found in classic Hollywood musicals. Selma has a sad secret that she is losing her eyesight, and her son Gene stands to suffer the same fate if she can't put away enough money to secure him an operation. When a desperate neighbor falsely accuses Selma of stealing his savings, the drama of her life escalates to a tragic finale. The film was definitely different than most movies we have watched in class and I have watched in my leisure time. There were two main aspects that stood out: the cinematography and the story.…
Mississippi Burning is a movie that takes place in the early 1960s, 1964 to be exact, in a small town named Jessup. The relationship between the black and the white is very intense and the black people are treated like they are a step below the normal white man. The plot in the movie is about a missing person case (three boys fighting for the black people’s rights suddenly disappear) that two FBI agents are to investigate, and they get swept up into something much bigger than what they just came for; the conflict between the black and the white that took place in south of America in the 1960s. That is what I’m going to discuss further in this essay, namely what the movie tells us about the relationship between the white Americans and the Black American. With a particularly focus on racism, segregation and the arrogant South-state attitude the white people had.…
This film impacted everyone in the audience. It made everyone fell angry, frustrated, hurt, sad, and inspired. I was hooked in this movie from the very beginning. The seen with the black woman trying to register to vote only to be met with a racist man behind the counter denying her of her rights and her disappointment as she has once again been denied was heartbreaking to watch and made me upset and annoyed all at the same time. The movie really went deep into what life really was like for black people before the Voting Rights Act and the struggles that they had to endure in order to achieve the rights already bestowed upon them. This movie isn’t just about Dr. Martin Luther King, but also about the evolution of change through political manipulation. The audience and I had no trouble relating with Dr. Martin Luther King. We clearly saw how he was a man no different from any of us and if he can advocate and endorse change through non-violence, then we can as well. Then we have no reason, no excuse, and no justification not to promote change. This epic movie empowers and motivates us to make a difference in the world, to do something that will help make this country a better place for everyone. Overall, this movie simply amazed me. To think that so much can be done through non-violent acts such as protesting and marching. I began to wonder why so many other political figures chose violence over everything else in order to get what they wanted instead of choosing to do what Dr. Martin Luther King did. We see the conflict between choosing violent methods over non-violent methods in the movie during the scene with Dr. King’s wife, Coretta, and Malcom X. In this scene, the two mention how Malcom X chose violent methods, which was the complete opposite of what Dr. King was doing, and how Coretta did not want him to ruin what Dr. Martin Luther had already established. I loved this movie and think that everyone should have the opportunity to enjoy it as…
In the late of 1960s life in America was tough and not pleasant for the black people. Racisms everywhere, and everyone wanted there right. Thing were upside down in 1968 were everyone fought against racism, politics, racial etc. For me the heat of the night was a wonderful movie, and I enjoyed watching it. The best part for me was when they were having this conversation, how much they paid you to do their police job “A hundred and sixty-two dollars, and thirty-nine cents per week”. What “A hundred…