Importance of Work and Private Life
The importance of balancing work and private life for individuals in organisations - discussing motivation and work place stress.
In this essay, I will discuss about motivation and work place stress that individuals endure in organisations (work) and their private life. I will look at what stress is, what causes it and how it can be managed. I will also talk about how people are motivated and how this affects them and the organisation. I will use theorises to support my essay and also explore whether some theories are relevant in today’s world.
Firstly, it is important to understand what an organisation is and what is meant by organisational behaviour. The term organisation is quite loose and can be used to cover any recognizable system or structure or structure that exists to help or maintain people’s ability to achieve something. Organizational Behaviour is the study of human behaviour in the workplace, as an academic discipline, its concern is to gain understanding of those factors, both individual and organizational, that influence people’s behaviour (Dick, 2006).
Organizational behaviour studies are becoming more important than in previous years because workplaces must learn to adapt to the rapidly changing business cultures that have stemmed from a competitive and fast-paced market. Organizational behaviour was a topic that was not discussed until an employee 's behaviour changed, productivity changed, or sales decreased. In today 's business world, managers are beginning to view organizational behaviour as an intricate piece of training and development of the workforce. I feel organizational behaviour is an essential tool for managing effective teams.
One of the issues that organisational behaviour looks at is stress. There are many definitions of stress. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (1999) defines stress as ‘the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the
In this essay, I will discuss about motivation and work place stress that individuals endure in organisations (work) and their private life. I will look at what stress is, what causes it and how it can be managed. I will also talk about how people are motivated and how this affects them and the organisation. I will use theorises to support my essay and also explore whether some theories are relevant in today’s world.
Firstly, it is important to understand what an organisation is and what is meant by organisational behaviour. The term organisation is quite loose and can be used to cover any recognizable system or structure or structure that exists to help or maintain people’s ability to achieve something. Organizational Behaviour is the study of human behaviour in the workplace, as an academic discipline, its concern is to gain understanding of those factors, both individual and organizational, that influence people’s behaviour (Dick, 2006).
Organizational behaviour studies are becoming more important than in previous years because workplaces must learn to adapt to the rapidly changing business cultures that have stemmed from a competitive and fast-paced market. Organizational behaviour was a topic that was not discussed until an employee 's behaviour changed, productivity changed, or sales decreased. In today 's business world, managers are beginning to view organizational behaviour as an intricate piece of training and development of the workforce. I feel organizational behaviour is an essential tool for managing effective teams.
One of the issues that organisational behaviour looks at is stress. There are many definitions of stress. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (1999) defines stress as ‘the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the
References: Adams, J.S (1965) Inequity in social exchange, in L.Berkowitz (ed.) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. New York; Academic Press. Alderfer, C.P. (1972) Existence, Relatedness and Growth. New York: Free Press. Allen Buchanan (1979). Revolutionary Motivation and Rationality. Philosophy and Public Affairs 9 (1):59-82. Amirkhan, J.H. (1990). A factor analytically derived measure of coping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1066–1074. Arnold, J., Cooper, C.L and Roberson, I.T. (1998) Work Psychology: Understanding Human Behaviour in the work place (3rd edn). London: Pitman. Arnold, M B, (1960). Emotion and Personality (2 Vols.). New York: Columbia University Bateman, T.S Billings, A.G. & Moos, R.H. (1981). The role of coping responses and social resources in attenuating the stress of life events. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4, 139–157. Calnan, M., Wainwright, D., O 'Neill, C., Winterbottom, A., Watkins, C., 2007 Cary L Crant, J.M. (1995). The proactive personality scale and objective job performance among real estate agents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 532–537. Cranwell-Ward, J.C. (1986) Thriving on Stress. Routledge: London. Dick P. 2006. Introduction to Organisational Behaviour. Third Edition. New York; McGraw-Hill Folkman, S Friedman, M. (1996). Type A Behavior: Its Diagnosis and Treatment. New York, Plenum Press (Kluwer Academic Press), pp. 31 ff. Gray, E.K. & Watson, D. (2002). General and specific traits of personality and their relation to sleep and academic performance. Journal of Personality, 70(2), 177–206. Grinker, R.R. & Spiegel, J.P. (1945). Men under stress. New York: McGraw-Hill. Herzberg, F., Mousener, B. and Snyderman, B.B. (1959) The Motivation to Work. (2nd edn). London: Chapman & Hall. Higgins, J.E. & Endler, N. (1995). Coping, life stress and psychological and somatic distress. European Journal of Personality, 9, 253–270. Judge, T.A., Higgins, C.A., Thoresen, C.J. & Barrick, M.R. (1999). The Big Five personality traits an career success across the life span. Personnel Psychology, 52, 621–652. Knights, D., Willmott, H (2007) Introducing Organizational Behaviour & Management. London: Cengage Learning EMEA. Kobosa, S.C. (1979) Stressful life events, personality and health: an enquiry into hardiness. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 37, pp, 1-11. Lazarus, R S and Folkman, S, (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer. Lazarus, R S and Folkman, S, (1986). Cognitive theories of stress and the issue of circularity. Lazarus, R S, (1990). Theory-based stress measurement. Psychological Inquiry, 1, pp. 3–13. Lazarus, R S, (1991). Emotion and Adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press. Lazarus, R S, (1993). Coping theory and research: Past, present, and future. Psychosomatic Lazarus, R.S Lazarus, R.S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer. Lazarus, R.S. (1990). Theory-based stress measurement. Psychological Inquiry, 1, 3–13. Lazarus, R.S. and Folkman, S. (1984) Stress, Appraisal and Coping. New York: Springer. Maslow, A.H. (1943) A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50, pp. 370-96 Maslow, Abraham (1954) Mount, M.K. & Barrick, M.R. (1995). The Big Five personality dimensions. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 13, 153–200. Oliver, R. (August, 1974). Expectancy Theory Predictions of Salesmen’s Performance. Journal of Marketing Research 11, 243-253. Selye, H (1956) The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill. Selye, H, (1976). The Stress of Life (rev. edn.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Selye, H. (1956). The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill. Selye, H. (1974). Stress without distress. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott. Spiers, C. (2002) Organizational stress: a management perspective. Training Journal, April, pp. 14-17.