ICT - AS - Notes (WJEC)
Data can arise from :
Topic 1
Automatically taken environmentally measurements
Results of a survey
Results from an experiment
Business Transactions
Output from a management information system Topic 1
Faster to input coded data
Sometimes relies on value judgements
Coarsens
Data
Encoding
Data
Less typing so less likelihood of RSI
Data takes less space
Topic 2
Data
collection
Costs
Cost of Good
Quality
Information
• Financial – cost of resources • Human – cost of training • Time – collecting data from customers
Data Entry
Costs
Processing and Maintenance
Cost
• Financial – cost of typing • Human -Training
• Time – Time taken to key in data
• Financial – cost of paying analysing staf
• Human – cost of training • Time – time to analyse data to produce results
Topic 3
Easy to understand • No costly mistakes
Accuracy • Correct decisions more likely
• Well presented
• Readable
• No wasted time producing Relevance
• No wasted time reading Quality of
Information
Up to date • Users will use info
User
Confidence • Users believe info correct Targeted
• Very specific
• Accuracy
• Data protection act • accuracy
Topic 3
How to find information On line sources • intranet
• internet
CD Rom
NON –
ICT
sources
• Paper invoices, bank statements • Reports
• directories
• Letters
• journals
Topic 3
Examples of information a manager might need from the internet
Tax information to reduce bills Information about competitors Details about laws and regulations businesses might adhere to
Suppliers information
Statistical information for planning Details of venues for meetings Topic 4
Transcription
• Incorrectly marked forms • Keying in errors
input
When data errors occur
Processing
Transmission
• Reduced by no human involvement
• Impossible to eliminate • Programming errors • Incorrect formulae
• Processing wrong data • Detect errors and re-send • Parity checks
Topic 4
Performed
by a computer program
•
•
•
•
Checks data is reasonable
Uses
Topic 1
Automatically taken environmentally measurements
Results of a survey
Results from an experiment
Business Transactions
Output from a management information system Topic 1
Faster to input coded data
Sometimes relies on value judgements
Coarsens
Data
Encoding
Data
Less typing so less likelihood of RSI
Data takes less space
Topic 2
Data
collection
Costs
Cost of Good
Quality
Information
• Financial – cost of resources • Human – cost of training • Time – collecting data from customers
Data Entry
Costs
Processing and Maintenance
Cost
• Financial – cost of typing • Human -Training
• Time – Time taken to key in data
• Financial – cost of paying analysing staf
• Human – cost of training • Time – time to analyse data to produce results
Topic 3
Easy to understand • No costly mistakes
Accuracy • Correct decisions more likely
• Well presented
• Readable
• No wasted time producing Relevance
• No wasted time reading Quality of
Information
Up to date • Users will use info
User
Confidence • Users believe info correct Targeted
• Very specific
• Accuracy
• Data protection act • accuracy
Topic 3
How to find information On line sources • intranet
• internet
CD Rom
NON –
ICT
sources
• Paper invoices, bank statements • Reports
• directories
• Letters
• journals
Topic 3
Examples of information a manager might need from the internet
Tax information to reduce bills Information about competitors Details about laws and regulations businesses might adhere to
Suppliers information
Statistical information for planning Details of venues for meetings Topic 4
Transcription
• Incorrectly marked forms • Keying in errors
input
When data errors occur
Processing
Transmission
• Reduced by no human involvement
• Impossible to eliminate • Programming errors • Incorrect formulae
• Processing wrong data • Detect errors and re-send • Parity checks
Topic 4
Performed
by a computer program
•
•
•
•
Checks data is reasonable
Uses