There are five main steps.
Step 1: Read the essay
Read the question. Decide what kind of essay it is - opinion, compare/contrast, problem and solution, cause and effect, or a mixture. The type of question will decide the layout and your ideas.
Step 2: Underline
Underline key vocabulary in the question and write words with the same or related meaning. This will really save you a lot of time later on. It will also help to avoid repetition of words, and will show that you understand the question.
Vocabulary
1: Read and Underline Key Words
Should governments spend money on space exploration, or should they spend the money on problems here first?
2: Write Down Other Words with the Same Meaning
Should governments spend money on space exploration, or should they spend the money on problems here first?
Governments = nations, countries, authorities, politicians
Spend = allocate, give, allot, provide, budget, make available, waste, award
Space exploration = space program, trips to the moon, the international space station, planets, planetary voyages
Money = budgets, taxes, resources,
Problems = concerns, issues, worries, disasters, threats, threatening, war, famine, poverty, education, homelessness, drugs, global warming
Here = on earth, in our own countries, closer to home, in developing countries, foreign aid,
3: Use Your New Words in the Opening Sentences
With many global concerns such as war, poverty, hunger and pollution, many people do not think that nations should waste money on exploring space. (One side) However, others are convinced that expenditure on space programs is justified. (Other side)
4: Add a Thesis
With many global concerns such as war, poverty, hunger and pollution, many people question whether nations should waste money on exploring space. However, others are convinced that expenditure on space programs is justified. This essay will examine some arguments for and against space exploration.