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How Important has Nationalism been in Shaping the modern world?

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How Important has Nationalism been in Shaping the modern world?
How important has nationalism been in shaping our modern world? Do you believe that the appeal of nationalism will diminish in the future?
Nationalism has been extremely important and influential in shaping the modern world we see today, causing revolutions, rebellions and the constant reshaping of world maps continuing even today. Its appeal is something that I don’t believe will diminish in the future. Many theologians and political commentators alike agree that Nationalism has perhaps been one of the most prominent political ideologies of the modern world “No single political doctrine has played a more prominent role in shaping the face of the modern world than nationalism” 1, and doesn’t look like ceasing to be as influential anytime soon. Nationalist political parties, organisations and armed movements all over the world all demonstrate different kinds of nationalism, although they are all alike in one way or another. Although not always successful, nationalist movements can be found worldwide, either by way of conflict or political dialogue many have failed and many have succeeded. In this essay I will look at two main perspectives of nationalism, as well as some approaches and ideas used by these perspectives of nationalism and the ways in which they have shaped the modern world we live in today. These being primordialism and modernism, the technique of ethno-symbolism, I will also examine some new approaches to nationalism in today’s modern world.
Primordialsim is an approach to nationalism, and should not be confused as a separate nationalist ideology. It is based on the belief in the naturalness and purity of a nation, with common language, religious beliefs, culture and most importantly ethnicity2. Primordialists believe that nations have been around for time immemorial, and the strength and legitimacy of such nations are proven by ethnic and cultural connections. Although there are less extreme forms of primordialism all categories are essentially



Bibliography: Baycroft, T. Nationalism in Europe 1789 - 1945. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998 BBC News, What next for Marine Le Pen’s National Front?, News Europe, cited 15 Apr 2013, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17824436 Brehony, Kevin, Nationalisms Old and New, Macmillan Press Ltd, New York and London, 1999 Breuilly, J Conversi, Daniele, 'Reassesing Current Theories of Nationalism: Nationalism as Boundary Maintenance and Creation ', Nationalism and Ethnic politics , 1995, p. 73 - 85. Dieckhoff, Alain, Modern Roots Studies of National identity, Ashgate Publishing Company Aldershot, 2001 Hall, John, The Social Philosophy of Ernest Gellner, Rodopi, Atlanta and Amsterdam, 1996 Miller, David, On Nationality, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995 Minogue, Kenneth, Nationalism, Jarrold and Sons Ltd, London and Norwich, 1967 Norman, Wayne, Negotiating Nationalism, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006 Ozkirimli, Umut, Theories of Nationalism: A Critical Introduction, Macmillan Press Ltd, London, 2000 Shills, Edward, Primordial, Personal, Sacred and Civil ties, British Journal of Sociology, London, 1957 Smith, Anthony, Nations and Nationalism in a Global Era, Polity Press, Cambridge, 1981 Smith, Anthony, The Ethnic Origins of Nations, Blackwell, Oxford, 1986 Smith, Anthony, The Ethnic Revival, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1981 Smith, Anthony, Theories of Nationalism, The Camelot Press Ltd, London and Southhampton, 1971 Snyder, Louis, The Meaning of Nationalism, Greenwood Press Publishers, Westport, 1977 Tamir, Yael, Liberal Nationalism, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1993 Wimmer, Adel, Australian Nationalism Reconsidered, Stauffenburg Verlag, Tublingen, 1999 Woolf, Stuart, Nationalism in Europe 1815 to the present, Routledge, London and New York, 1996

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