Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
ENCEPHALITIS is a severe inflammation of the brain, encephalitis is usually caused by a mosquito-borne or, in some areas, a tick borne virus. Viruses transmitted by anthropods are arboviruses (arthropodborne). Referred to as infectious viral encephalitides, encephalitis may occur also as a complication of systemic viral diseases such as poliomyelitis, rabies, or mononucleosis, or it may arise after recovery from viral infections such as rubella or rubeola.
SYNONYMS OR OTHER NAMES OF THE DISEASE
Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis.
Epidemiology of the disease Infection is the most common cause identified, with viruses being the most important known aetiological agents. Incidence varies between studies but is …show more content…
Reliably tested specific antiviral agents are available only for a few viral agents (e.g. acyclovir for herpes simplex virus) and are used with limited success for most infection except herpes simplex encephalitis. In patients who are very sick, supportive treatment, such as mechanical ventilation, is equally important. Corticosteroids (e.g. methylprednisolone) are used to reduce brain swelling and inflammation. Sedatives may be needed for irritability or restlessness.
NURSING CARE MANAGEMENT Assess the neurologic function; focus on early changes in level of consciousness, Monitor for signs of herniation (abnormal posturing movements, such as decerebration, decortications, and flaccidity, to noxious stimuli). Maintain adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration. Maintain adequate nutrition. Position the patient to prevent joint stiffness and neck pain.
HEALTH EDUCATION/PREVENTION Wash hands frequently and thoroughly with soap and water, particularly after using the restroom and before and after meals. Don't share tableware and beverages. Teach your children to practice good hygiene and to avoid sharing utensils at home and school. Keep your children's vaccinations current. Before traveling, talk to your doctor's office about recommended vaccinations for different
SYNONYMS OR OTHER NAMES OF THE DISEASE
Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis.
Epidemiology of the disease Infection is the most common cause identified, with viruses being the most important known aetiological agents. Incidence varies between studies but is …show more content…
Reliably tested specific antiviral agents are available only for a few viral agents (e.g. acyclovir for herpes simplex virus) and are used with limited success for most infection except herpes simplex encephalitis. In patients who are very sick, supportive treatment, such as mechanical ventilation, is equally important. Corticosteroids (e.g. methylprednisolone) are used to reduce brain swelling and inflammation. Sedatives may be needed for irritability or restlessness.
NURSING CARE MANAGEMENT Assess the neurologic function; focus on early changes in level of consciousness, Monitor for signs of herniation (abnormal posturing movements, such as decerebration, decortications, and flaccidity, to noxious stimuli). Maintain adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration. Maintain adequate nutrition. Position the patient to prevent joint stiffness and neck pain.
HEALTH EDUCATION/PREVENTION Wash hands frequently and thoroughly with soap and water, particularly after using the restroom and before and after meals. Don't share tableware and beverages. Teach your children to practice good hygiene and to avoid sharing utensils at home and school. Keep your children's vaccinations current. Before traveling, talk to your doctor's office about recommended vaccinations for different