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LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

Chapter 7
“Rizal Visits Japan, the United States, and some Europeans Counties”

PRESENTED BY: Ms. MARY ROSE R. ICAY PRESENTED TO: Mrs. JELEMY M. JIZMUNDO Ms. EDELYN B. BUENO
Mr. EDEL R. ALFARO Mr. VINCENT S. TRAQUINA

Rizal Visits Japan
Jose Baron Fernandez- Describe Japan as “Country that has conquered his heart.”
February 22, 1888- Rizal sailed from Hongkong to Yokohama, Japan aboard the ship “Oceanic” Juan Perez Caballero- The Spanish attaché in Japan invites Rizal to stay at the Office of the Spanish legation. Rizal accepted the offer prompted by two reasons: * To show that he is not afraid of being watched as he had nothing to hide. * To save more expenses for hotel accommodations.
Rizal’s Love in Japan
Lady O-sei-san- a Japanese lady who caught Rizal’s attention while passing the gate of the legation. She accompanied Rizal to some of the beautiful places in Tokyo.
Rizal wrote in his diary referring to O-sei-san - “Your image lives in my memory; and undoubtedly,
I am always thinking of you. Your name lives in the sight of my lips, your images accompanies and animates all my thoughts…”
Rizal Leaves Japan 13th of april- Rizal left Yokohama on board the streamer “Belgic” going to United States Tetcho Suehiro- A Japanese prolific writer, a journalist and a staunch defender of human right, whom Rizal met at the voyage and befriended. Rizal became his interpreter because he can’t speak English and other European language. He describes Rizal in his diary as an “open-hearted man.” December 1, 1888- Rizal and Tetcho separate ways in London after 8 months of voyage together.

Rizal’s Arrival in the United States April 28, 1888-Rizal arrived in San Francisco.
Cholera- alleged outbreak in Far East which cause Rizal and his fellow passengers to be quarantine the streamer dock in the port of San Francisco. 4th of May- They were allowed to land after the quarantine. Palace hotel- First class hotel in San Francisco where Rizal stayed till May 6. American Continent- Described by Rizal as a majestic and has a beautiful places while he was aboard in an overland train going to New York.

Niagra Falls- Most splendid falls he had ever seen according to Rizal.
Rizal’s bad impression to America- Rizal observed the prevalent racial discrimination, inequality and
Prejudices especially to the black Negro which led him the bad impression about the country. 13th of may- Rizal arrived in New York
New York- Rizal Described as a great Country
“City of Rome”- A ship which Rizal board upon going to London. The ship is considered as the second largest ship in the world.
Rizal in London May 24, 1888- Rizal reaches Queenstown, Ireland. It was May 25 when Rizal arrived in London travelling by train. Rizal’s intentions in going to London:
1. Develop knowledge in English language
2. To annotate the sucesos de las islas Filipinas
Grand Hotel Midland- Rizal’s first stopped upon arriving in London.
Beckett Family- The owner of the house in no. 37 Chalcoat Crescent Primrose hill, N.W. where Rizal stayed after transferring from the house in the Beresford Road. Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor- A wealthy Filipino resident and a practicing lawyer who became Rizal’s friend which shares the same interests and ideologies with him. Dr. Reinhold Rost- Director of the library of the India Office and the best authority of Malayan customs and language.

Annotation of Dr. Morga’s Work Annotation- Adding notes in a written work, in order to explain.
British Museum- Rizal gained the access to the copy of the Book and there he copied the text by hand and made annotations. Rizal’s annotation of “Sucecos de las Islas Filipinas”- Published in Paris in 1890. Written in the Prologue: “If the book succeeds in awakening between us a consciousness of our past, which
Have been erased from our memory and if it is able to rectify the falsehood and calumny that had been committed, then I shall fell that I have not laboring in vain.”

Rizal’s Travel to Paris, Madrid and Barcelona Juan Luna- Filipino painter in French who prepared a banquet in Rizal’s honor.
Paris- Rizal visited after studying the English language. Bibliotheque National- Rizal visited to look for more historical books on the Philippines. Spain- Rizal travelled to contact his comrades. Marcelo H. Del Pillar & Mariano Ponce- Forerunners of the propaganda movement in Spain.

Asuncion La Solidaridad
Asuciacion La Solidaridad- An association form to unite Filipinos in Europe in their quest for reforms in the Philippines.

Officers:
President: Galicano Apacible
Vice President: Graciano Lopez Jaena
Secretary: Manuel Sta. Maria
Treasurer: Mariano Ponce
Accountant: Jose M. Panganiban
Honorary President: Jose Rizal Address to the Filipino- A letter for his fellow Filipino, admonishing the member to work for the good of their country. La Solidaridad- a publication described by Baron Fernandez as “most important paper of the
Filipino abroad and their most significant work in connection with the propaganda movement. Feb. 15, 1889- the first issue of La Solidaridad came out , published in Barcelona. Graciano Lopez Jaena- Editor of the paper La solidaridad.

RIZAL’S LEAVES LONDON FOR PARIS AND LATER TO BRUSSELS
January 28, 1890 – Rizal left Paris for Brussels
Brussels– capital of Belgium.
Two reasons why Rizal leave Paris:
1. The cost of living in Paris was very high because of the Universal Exposition.
2. The gay social life of the city hampered his literary works, especially the writing of his second novel El Filibusterismo.

Life in Brussels
Jose Albert – accompanied Rizal to move to Brussels.
Jose Alejandro – an engineering student who replaced Jose Albert.
• Rizal was busy writing his second novel.
• He wrote articles for La Solidaridad and letters for his family and friends.
• He spent part of his time in medical clinic.
• He had gymnastics at the gymnasium and target practice and fencing at the armory.

Articles Published in La Solidaridad
1. “A La Defensa” (To La Defensa), April 30, 1889.
2. “La verdad Para Todos” ( The Truth For All), May 31, 1889.
3. “Vicente Barrantes’ Teatro Tagalo,” June 15, 18889
4. “Una Profanacion” (A Profanation), July 31, 1889
5. “Verdades Nuevas” (New Truths), July 31, 1889
6. “Crueldad” (Cruelty), August 15, 1889
7. “Differencias” (Differences), September 15, 1889
8. “Inconsequencias” (Inconsequences), November 30, 1889
9. “Llanto y Risas” (Tears and Laughters), November 30, 1889
10. “Ingratitudes” (Ingratitude), January 15, 1890

New Orthography of Tagalong Language
Rizal was the first to advocate the Filipinization of its orthography. For instance, the Tagalog letters k and w should be used instead of the Spanish c and o. salacot – salakot arao – araw
Early in September, 1886 – while in Leipzig, Rizal adopted the Filipinized Tagalog orthography in his Tagalog translations of Schiller’s Wilhelm Tell and Andersen’s Fairy Tales and again he used it in his first novel Noli Me Tangere (Berlin, 1887
“Sobre la Nueva Ortografia de la Lengua Tagala” (The new Orthography of the Tagalog Language) – article of Rizal and was published in La Solidaridad.
Dr. Trnidad H. Pardo de Tavera – author of the celebrated work El Sancristo en la Lengua Tagala (Sankrist in the Tagalog Language) which was published in Paris, 1884.

Rizal Criticizes Madrid Filipinos for Gambling
Rizal received news from Juan Luna and Valentin Ventura that the Filipinos in Spain were destroying the good name of their nation by gambling too much. Accordingly Rizal wrote to M. H. Del Pilar on May 28, 1890 to remind the Filipinos in Madrid that they did not come to Europe to gamble, but to work for their fatherland’s freedom.
The gambling people in Madrid were angry when they learned of Rizal’s moralizing. They derisively called him “Papa” (Pope) instead of “Pepe”.

Bad News from Home
• The Calamba agrarian trouble was getting worst.
• The management of the Dominican hacienda continually raised the land rents.
• The Dominican order filled a suit in court to dispossess the Rizal Family of their lands in Calamba.
• The tenants were persecuted.
• Paciano, Antonio Lopez and Silvestre Ubaldo were deported to Mindoro.
• Manuel T. Hidalgo – was banished to Bohol for the second time.

Preparation to Go Home
Rizal planned to go home. He could not stay in Brussels writing a book while his parents, relatives and friends in the distant Philippines were persecuted.
July 9, 1890 – upon hearing that Graciano Lopez Jaena was planning to go to Cuba, Rizal wrote to Ponce to oppose the plan of action of Graciano.
July 18, 1890 – he wrote another letter to Ponce in which he expresses his determination to go home.
All his friends, including Blumentritt, Jose Ma. Basa, and Ponce, were horrified by Rizal’s to return to the Philippines. They warned him of the danger that awaited him at home.

Decision to go to Madrid
Something happened that made Rizal to change his plan in returning to the Philippines when he received a letter from Paciano which related that they lost the case against the Dominicans in Manila but they appealed it to the Supreme Court in Spain.
June 20, 1890 – Rizal wrote to M. H. Del Pilar retaining the latter’s service as a lawyer and informed Del Pilar that he was going to Madrid, in order to supervise the handling of the case.
July 29, 1890 – he wrote a letter to Ponce announcing that he was leaving Brussels at the beginning of the following month and would arrive Madrid about the 3rd and 4th of August.
To My Muse “A Mi…” – he wrote this poem which was against the a background of mental anguish in Brussels, during those sad days when he was worried by family disasters.

Romance with Petite Jacoby
Two things brought some measure of cheer to the despondent Rizal as he was preparing for his trip to Madrid:
1. The summertime festival of Belgium, which was celebrated in carnival style.
2. His romance with Petite Jacoby, the pretty niece of his landladies.
• Rizal was so charming and dignified a gentleman the Petite Susanne was attracted to him.
• He was lonely in a strange country and Leonor Rivera was so far away.
• Like other women – Segunda Katigbak, Orang Valenzuela, Leonor Rivera, O-Sei-San, Gettie Beckett, Consuelo Ortiga y Perez and Nellie Boustead – Susanne fell in love with Rizal