The Carleton Prize for Biotechnology: Gregor Johann Mendel; the Father of Genetics 2 This year for the Carleton prize of biotechnology I nominate the Austrian born monk, teacher and biologist, Gregor Johann Mendel. It is no surprise that Mendel is a key figure in the evolution of biotechnology, one of the great scientists who believed a theory and proved it through his experiments with pea plants. In the early 19th century, these studies were not exactly encouraged, …show more content…
Mendel studied the more obvious trait of the pea plants, which is colour. (Corcos, Monaghan. 1993)
The first experiment that only produced yellow seeds, Mendel called the dominant gene. As a second experiment, Mendel bred the yellow offspring together allowing it to self-fertilize, which resulted in having both yellow and green seeded plants.
Again, we ask why and how is this possible? This question led Mendel to determine that the green colour trait was a recessive gene, hidden by the yellow dominant gene. (Diaz,
n.d.) After analyzing the results from his experiments it steered him to the most two important conclusions of genetics: the law of Segregation, and the law of Independent
Assortment. (Corcos, Monaghan. 1993)
In more modern terms, Mendel inferred that each trait depends on a pair of factors, each coming from the mother and the father. These factors are what we refer to now as "alleles" which represent the different variation of the gene. The different combinations of genes in these variations are what we now call "genotypes" meaning
The Carleton Prize for Biotechnology: Gregor Johann Mendel; the Father of Genetics 4 that they either have both alleles from each parent or only the same ones from