Glioma Research Paper
Gliomas represent the most common primary brain tumors. In Egypt, astrocytic tumors are the most common glial tumors (79.4% of all gliomas)[1].Histopathologic diagnosis is important for definitive prognostication and treatment. According to the 2007 WHO classification, astrocytoma is classified into four pathological grades: pilocytic astrocytoma (Grade I), diffuse astrocytoma (Grade II), anaplastic astrocytoma “AA” (Grade III) and glioblastoma multiforme “GBM” (Grade IV) [2].
The tumor cells vigorously invade the surrounding tissue, which renders complete surgical resection difficult and leads to the high incidence of recurrence. Patient clinical history reflects the aggressiveness of his tumor; and in spite of multimodal treatment, the median survival time after diagnosis of GBM does not exceed 12 months [3]. However, some patients with similar grades of astrocytoma …show more content…
The neural stem cell (NSC) and progenitor cells, in addition to differentiated adult glia, represent a substrate for neoplastic transformation. The progression toward a tumorigenic state may occur through abnormal ‘developmental’ programs [5]. The size and the degree of organization of the NSC in a particular tumor might be an important parameter in detecting the clinical course of disease [6].
Recent research suggests that the tumor biology and the resistance to treatment are closely connected to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The importance of CSCs for estimating the prognosis of gliomas patients has therefore been widely evaluated using several markers closely related to the presence of these cells [8].
Berger et al [7] have proposed a theory that neural stem cells found in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the mature brain infiltrate and grow into the area surrounding the SVZ, differentiate into glioma progenitor cells, and then extend into the brain, leading to glioma
The tumor cells vigorously invade the surrounding tissue, which renders complete surgical resection difficult and leads to the high incidence of recurrence. Patient clinical history reflects the aggressiveness of his tumor; and in spite of multimodal treatment, the median survival time after diagnosis of GBM does not exceed 12 months [3]. However, some patients with similar grades of astrocytoma …show more content…
The neural stem cell (NSC) and progenitor cells, in addition to differentiated adult glia, represent a substrate for neoplastic transformation. The progression toward a tumorigenic state may occur through abnormal ‘developmental’ programs [5]. The size and the degree of organization of the NSC in a particular tumor might be an important parameter in detecting the clinical course of disease [6].
Recent research suggests that the tumor biology and the resistance to treatment are closely connected to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The importance of CSCs for estimating the prognosis of gliomas patients has therefore been widely evaluated using several markers closely related to the presence of these cells [8].
Berger et al [7] have proposed a theory that neural stem cells found in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the mature brain infiltrate and grow into the area surrounding the SVZ, differentiate into glioma progenitor cells, and then extend into the brain, leading to glioma