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Give Me Liberty Chapter 13 Notes

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Give Me Liberty Chapter 13 Notes
Chapter 13: A House Divided (1840-1861)
Thomas Crawford designed the capitol building with lady liberty on top.
This was an issue for many ppl: showed how nearly everything was in question now.
Fruits of Manifest Destiny
Continental Expansion
Ppl started moving west
The Mormons’ Trek
Went to modern-day Utah: founded by Joseph Smith (polygamy)
National boundaries meant little to those who moved West
The Mexican Frontier: New Mexico and California
Mexico achieved independence from Spain in 1821, issue of slavery arose.
Mexico could now trade w/ the US!
California
Californios - Mexican cattle ranchers
By 1840, it was already linked commercially w/ the US
The Texas Revolt
Mexican gov, in order to develop the region, accepted an offer by Moses Austin to colonize it w/ Americans
Am’s started flowing into the area: to control it, the Mex gov annulled existing land contracts and barred future emigration to the area
Santa Anna and the Alamo sparked a chaotic revolt in texas “Remember the Alamo!”
The Election of 1844
John Tyler = Pres...tried to annex Texas, but it would have upset Mexico
James Polk annexed it...he was the first “dark-horse” candidate-that is, one who’s nomination was completely unexpected
“54-40 or fight” was a popular campaign slogan for Van Burren
The Road to War
James K Polk had a clearly defined set of goals: Reduce the tariff, reestablish the independent treasury system, and settle the dispute over ownership of Oregon
Acquiring California was difficult, so he planned for military action
The War and it’s critics
The Mexican War was the first AM conflict to be fought primarily on foreign soil in which AM troops occupied a foreign capital
Abraham Lincoln was a critic of the war, said to specify the precise “spot” where blood had first been shed...he lost his seat the next yr (Illinois ppl didn’t like it)
Combat in Mexico
Volunteers did most of the fighting
The Navy captured Monterey and San Francisco Harbors, troops occupied
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