suburbs, or banlieues, and the debate on whether or not those communities are the birthplace of…
The whole purpose of this chapter is to clarify the pivotal need of geographic comprehension in society. Geography is divided mainly into two categories; human and physical geography. Each geography examines different kinds of information. Physical geography clarifies the physical landscapes of districts and places while human geography looks to break down the spatial circulation of humans and their cooperation’s. Chapter 1 summaries the significance of geography and how it influences all aspects of life. Regardless of what or where we are going, geography is some way or another required in those things. Everything in the planet has an immediate association to place, area, development, interaction and region. The chapter additionally abridges…
[ 7 ]. Paul Knox, Steven Pinch. Urban Social Geography: An Introduction. (Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 2010), 48.…
| Think of the cultural landscape of the city or town where you live. Give examples of each of the three dimensions of cultural landscape convergence (1. globalized architectural forms and planning ideas; 2. widespread businesses (McDonald's) and products; 3. wholesale borrowing of idealized landscape images) operative in the landscape of your community. What attempts are being made to preserve local cultural landscape features against the encroachment of “placelessness”?…
Cronon analyzes how the ecological and economical transformation of Chicago affects the landscape itself. Much of his work explores the centralization of power. The centralization of power results in the localization of capital. The resulting social hierarchy that forms bases itself in the corporate world rather than in an intrinsic belief or land scarcity, a noticeable difference from the likes of Palladio or Blackmar. The prominent force of the hierarchy comes from the corporate world creating “a kind of ‘second nature,’ designed by people and improved toward human ends” (Cronon 56). Second nature—mostly roads and railways—rests atop an unaltered natural world. Cronon’s argument relies on the idea that second nature served to interconnect cities and define the routes of commerce. These artificial corridors quickened the time it took to get from one place to another, creating an artificial form of human-based time. In Chicago’s meat-packing industry, dressed beef that was slaughtered in Chicago could be sold in New York City in under a weeks time for a large profit. Second nature served to create an international market of capital trade. Cronon then argues that the network of second nature “obscured the very connections it helped create” (257). The walls that separate the social classes need not be strictly physical. Physical space becomes abstract when locality no longer matters. Cronon argues that the annihilation of physical space favors those who can accomplish the task as well as take advantage of the situation: the people with the most capital. Cronon’s view of Chicago, instead of creating artificial walls between social classes, abolishes them, and in turn, further divides the rich from the…
In this book Hayden writes about suburban neighborhoods and how they came to be and were developed. She starts with what she labels “borderlands which takes place in the 1820’s. Hayden then goes onto picturesque enclaves which starts with the 1950’s, then proceeds to streetcar buildouts starting with the year 1870’s. Then moves onto mail-order and self-built suburbs covering the 1900’s and then onto sitcom suburbs starting in the 1940’s. She writes about edge nodes in the 1960’s and lastly rural fringes covering the 1980’s to now.…
Urban studies aims to develop an understanding the modern city metropolis. As Savage et al. have pointed out, the urban encompasses far more than just the physical city itself; understanding the city help us to understand many aspects of modern life (2003, pp.4). Many of its features, such as mass media and public transport systems have spread throughout society over the past century. Sociological studies of urban life began with the landmark publication of 'The City' in 1925 by sociologists Robert Park, Ernest Burgess and Louis Wirth from the University of Chicago, students of Georg Simmel who shared his belief that the urban environment changed man's personality and made relationships impersonal. They sought to explain different features of the urban environment within this theory and predict its development, starting with their own city Chicago, which they believed to be paradigmatic of new cities, designed to serve the needs of industrial capitalism (Park 1925, pp. 17, 40). Park and his colleagues posited a largely deterministic view of the city as a logically developing space ordered primarily by economic needs. Ernest Burgess developed the 'concentric zones model' to explain urban development and expansion of the modern city according to a predictable, ecological pattern (Burgess 1925). Louis Wirth has contributed to the school prominently in his essay "Urbanism as a Way of Life" in 1938, which sought to further develop a theoretical basis for the expanding field of urbanism (Wirth 1964, pp. 83). This text became one of the most influential works on understanding the social consequences of the city, and had real consequences; future sociologists have used his theory to help plan cities' layout (Knox & Pinch 2010, pp. 149). Although now over 80 years old and dated in many respects by economic change, the Chicago School remains highly influential in the urban studies today, which…
“A clearing in the distance: Frederick Law Olmsted and America in the nineteenth century” is the work of Witold Rybczynski, a professor of urbanism at the University of Pennsylvania and has also participated in writing other works. It is obvious that his profession and particularly the discipline…
• Haslam, S & Asbee, S (2012) The Twentieth Century, Twentieth-Century Cities, Open University Press…
Beginning around 1820, the American public along with waves of immigrants flocked major US cities in search of jobs. The newly defined cities, once known for their unspecialized vacant lots and quiet streets, endured rapid change. The growth and development of these cities…
1. Discuss the problems that “geographic illiteracy” can present to a country such as the United States in the Twenty-First Century. Give examples of the need for geographic knowledge in diverse areas such as international politics, domestic politics, economics, and popular culture.…
- Summary: describe several facts you found interesting or surprising about your city while doing this assignment (2 marks)…
- A society is a group that shares a geographic region, a sense of identity, and a culture is called a society, and ethnic group is a term used to define a group of that shares a language, customs, and a common heritage.…
Bibliography: 1. Hume, Christopher. 'A European space ' ; Dundas Square, Toronto 's latest public place, is also the city 's most misunderstood The empty landscape is intentional, and renewal at its edges is years from completion. Urban Issues. Jan 18, 2003.…
Bright lights, colorful signs, and delicious smells, all are things that may be found in an ethnic neighborhood. An ethnic neighborhood is a neighborhood, where the majority, if not all the population is of the same belief, and follows the same religion. One of the most well-known neighborhoods in Chicago is Chinatown. Chinatown has many cultural traits that set it apart from neighboring areas; however there is always a looming threat of internal and external threats to its culture.…