Freud vs Erikson Essay
The Psychoanalytical Theories of Freud and Erikson
Numerous theories exist in an attempt to explain the development of an individual’s personality. Fiore (2011) defines theory as, “A belief or idea that develops based on information or evidence; a proposed explanation for a phenomena” (p. 28). Unfortunately, there are those who believe theories are statements of truth or fact, leading to the question, which one is actually correct (Feist, 2008, p. 4). There is not a valid answer to that question. Feist (2008) continues to state, “All theories are a reflection of their authors’ personal backgrounds, childhood experiences, philosophy of life, interpersonal relationships and unique manner of looking at the world. The importance of theories does not depend on its commonsense value or on its agreement with other theories” (p. 7) as it provides an explanation for the research and observations made by the author. The following essay will focus on the two theories developed by, perhaps, two of the most influential psychologists who have studied the human mind, Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson.
Explanations of each of the theories, along with examples, will show certain similarities and differences in each man’s perspective of how personality develops. “Personality is made up the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that make a person unique” (Cherry, 2013, para. 1). The most famous of all personality theories is psychoanalysis, (Feist, 2008, p. 16). This theory, developed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes the impact of the unconscious on personality development, (Feist, 2011, p. 31). Cherry (2013) writes, “Freud believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages focused on certain erogenous areas” (Psychosexual Development, para. 1). Erik Erikson, although greatly influenced by Freud and his psychosexual theory, “developed a psychosocial theory of development that emphasizes the impact of social experiences on human
Numerous theories exist in an attempt to explain the development of an individual’s personality. Fiore (2011) defines theory as, “A belief or idea that develops based on information or evidence; a proposed explanation for a phenomena” (p. 28). Unfortunately, there are those who believe theories are statements of truth or fact, leading to the question, which one is actually correct (Feist, 2008, p. 4). There is not a valid answer to that question. Feist (2008) continues to state, “All theories are a reflection of their authors’ personal backgrounds, childhood experiences, philosophy of life, interpersonal relationships and unique manner of looking at the world. The importance of theories does not depend on its commonsense value or on its agreement with other theories” (p. 7) as it provides an explanation for the research and observations made by the author. The following essay will focus on the two theories developed by, perhaps, two of the most influential psychologists who have studied the human mind, Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson.
Explanations of each of the theories, along with examples, will show certain similarities and differences in each man’s perspective of how personality develops. “Personality is made up the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that make a person unique” (Cherry, 2013, para. 1). The most famous of all personality theories is psychoanalysis, (Feist, 2008, p. 16). This theory, developed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes the impact of the unconscious on personality development, (Feist, 2011, p. 31). Cherry (2013) writes, “Freud believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages focused on certain erogenous areas” (Psychosexual Development, para. 1). Erik Erikson, although greatly influenced by Freud and his psychosexual theory, “developed a psychosocial theory of development that emphasizes the impact of social experiences on human
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