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Four Major Philosophies Of Perennialism, Progressivism And Curriculum

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Four Major Philosophies Of Perennialism, Progressivism And Curriculum
Philosophy: philosophy provides a basis for decisions regarding curriculum. Through these philosophes aims and objectives, organization and selection of content is determined. There are four major philosophies which include perennialism, essentialism, Progressivism and reconstructivism
Perennialism:
Perennialism is the philosophy that is based on the belief that the focus of education should be the ideas that have lasted over centuries. These ideas should be a part of curriculum so that the students learn from the work of history’s finest thinkers and writers. According to perennialism theory person learns from his experiences and the main focus of this theory is on personal development. By analyzing …show more content…
The core of Essentialist curriculum is to inculcate students with essential educational knowledge, character and skill development. Essentialist curriculum is subject centered and main focus is laid on subjects like math, science, language, history so that the students can become an active and model citizen of the society. According to essentialist theory teacher should act as an expert and intellectual and increase student critical thinking ability. Essentialism assessment is based on performance tests, objectives and essay …show more content…
Problems in cognitive process can cause difficulties and learning delays. Cognitive curricular has main focus learner and its mental and cognitive development.

Constructivism: According to Constructivist theory learner can construct his own knowledge by experiencing different things and find out solutions of problems according to his understanding. When a learner learns something new he can reconcile this information with the previous ideas and information. Through this process he can gain understanding. Constructivist curriculum is based on problem solving and inquiry based learning activities.

According to the above points it is obvious that psychological foundation of education plays an important role in curriculum development. For productive learning it is necessary that the syllabus content must be in accordance with needs and demands of the learner which can only be achieved through the implication of psychological foundation in curriculum.
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