Face Negotiation Theory
Bn
Stella Ting-Toomey
2011
Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment
Stella Ting-Toomey
2011
Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment
Face-Negotiation Theory:
Research and Assessment
Roberta Beauty Redding
University of Louisiana at Lafayette
Professor Philip Auter
CMCN 384
March 27, 2011
Face-Negotiation Theory:
Research and Assessment
Roberta Beauty Redding
University of Louisiana at Lafayette
Professor Philip Auter
CMCN 384
March 27, 2011
Face-Negotiation Theory:
Research and Assessment
Stella Tingy-Toomey’s face negotiation theory goes in depth on how “people of different cultures respond to conflict” (Griffin, 2009). How does one protect his/her public self-image or refrain from embarrassing the other disputant(s) when arguing? Tingy-Tommey feels as if one’s self-image is the important variable that links culture to disputants’ ways of managing conflict. According to Tingy-Toomey, there are two types of cultures that exist; individualistic and collectivistic (Griffin, 2009). Each culture presents a different way that its members perceive the self, goals, and duties. In individualist cultures people are concerned about themselves and their immediate families, where as in collectivistic cultures people identify themselves with group loyalty (Griffin, 2009). One of these cultures will usually dominate the other one when conflict arises. Ting-Toomey’s theory suggest that cultural knowledge, mindfulness, and face-work interaction skills must be present and understood if one wants to communicate effectively across cultures (Griffin, 2009). Stella Ting-Toomey began her research on the face-negotiation theory in the 1980s. The face negotiation theory is an objective theory that “explains, predicts, and advises” with an analysis based only on self-report data resulting from experiments conducted by Ting-Toomey and her co-researcher, John Oetzel (Griffin, 2009). The theory has been revised and is now supported by empirical
Stella Ting-Toomey
2011
Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment
Stella Ting-Toomey
2011
Face-Negotiation Theory: Research and Assessment
Face-Negotiation Theory:
Research and Assessment
Roberta Beauty Redding
University of Louisiana at Lafayette
Professor Philip Auter
CMCN 384
March 27, 2011
Face-Negotiation Theory:
Research and Assessment
Roberta Beauty Redding
University of Louisiana at Lafayette
Professor Philip Auter
CMCN 384
March 27, 2011
Face-Negotiation Theory:
Research and Assessment
Stella Tingy-Toomey’s face negotiation theory goes in depth on how “people of different cultures respond to conflict” (Griffin, 2009). How does one protect his/her public self-image or refrain from embarrassing the other disputant(s) when arguing? Tingy-Tommey feels as if one’s self-image is the important variable that links culture to disputants’ ways of managing conflict. According to Tingy-Toomey, there are two types of cultures that exist; individualistic and collectivistic (Griffin, 2009). Each culture presents a different way that its members perceive the self, goals, and duties. In individualist cultures people are concerned about themselves and their immediate families, where as in collectivistic cultures people identify themselves with group loyalty (Griffin, 2009). One of these cultures will usually dominate the other one when conflict arises. Ting-Toomey’s theory suggest that cultural knowledge, mindfulness, and face-work interaction skills must be present and understood if one wants to communicate effectively across cultures (Griffin, 2009). Stella Ting-Toomey began her research on the face-negotiation theory in the 1980s. The face negotiation theory is an objective theory that “explains, predicts, and advises” with an analysis based only on self-report data resulting from experiments conducted by Ting-Toomey and her co-researcher, John Oetzel (Griffin, 2009). The theory has been revised and is now supported by empirical
References: Griffin, Em. (2009). A first look at communication theory, 7th edition. Boston, Massachusetts: McGraw-Hill. Ting-Toomey, S., Kurogi, S. (1998). Progression of the theory: Intercultural Conflict: An Updated Face-Negotiation Theory,” International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol Ting-Toomey, S. (1994). The Challenge of facework: cross-cultural and interpersonal issues [p. p Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond culture. New York, New York: Random House, Inc. Markus, H., & LastKitayama, S. (1991). Culture and self. Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation, 98(2), Retrieved from http://faculty.washington.edu/mdj3/MGMT580/Readings/Week%205/Markus.pdf doi: 0033-295X/91/ Ng, J West, ., & Turner, L. (2004). Face-negotiation theory. Retrieved from http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0767430344/student_view0/chapter26/