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Eye Disorders

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Eye Disorders
EYE DISORDERS

REVIEW NORMAL ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

EFFECTS OF AGING

ASSESSMENTS

TYPES OF DISORDERS

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Review assessment of the eye • History • Physical Exam • Gerontologic considerations

DEFINITIONS

Ophthalmologist

Optician

Optometrist

REFRACTIVE ERRORS

This defect is a result of irregular corneal curvature, length of the eye, or the focusing power of the lens

*Myopia
* Hyperopia
* Presbyopis
* Astigmatism
* Aphakia

GERONTOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS

Normal Changes

Psychosocial Impact

* Common Dysfunctions • Cataracts • Macular Degeneration • Glaucoma

VISION
HEALTH PROMOTION

HEALTH EDUCATION

EARLY RECOGNITION OF PROBLEMS

HAZARD AVOIDANCE

Eye exam

Recommended every 3-5 years under age 40

Then should be at least every 2 years, especially for glaucoma screening

If history of vision problems, eye disease, diabetes, CV disease, HTN etc., eye exams should be more frequent

VISION ASSESSMENT

Health History

• Past History • Life-style & Health Practices

Safety glasses

Sunglasses

Medications

Last eye exam

TYPICAL EYE SYMPTOMS

Recent changes in vision

Spots or floaters, blind spots

Halos, rings around lights

Flashing lights

Tunnel vision

Trouble seeing at night

Diplopia

Eye pain, redness, discharge

Blurred vision

Excess tearing, crusting

Itching, burning

Photophobia

Diplopia

Visual Assessment

External Structure examination

Visual acuity

Pupil Function

Muscle function

Tonometry

Opthalmoscopy

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES

Study Guide – Appendix M

• Visual Acuity Test - Snellen Eye Chart • Tonometry • Gonioscopy • Ophthalmoscopy • Color • Vision (Ansler Grid Test) Slit Lamp Microscopy • Fluorescein
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