Preview

Estimating Factors of Suicide in the Philippines

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
5493 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Estimating Factors of Suicide in the Philippines
Estimating the Factors of Suicides in the Philippines Using a Dynamic Econometric Model Approach

In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirements in ECOMET2

Submitted by:

Lim, Kevin Shaun Y.
Ong, Bruce Jacob R.
Tumangday, Ronnel G.
V25

Submitted to:
Dr. Cesar Rufino
ECOMET2 Professor

Table of Contents
I. Introduction 2
1.1 Objectives 4 1.2 Statement of the Problem 4 1.3 Scope and Limitations 5
II. Review of Related Literature 6
III. Operational Framework 7
IV. Methodology 8
Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model 9 Error Correction Model 11
4.1 Empirical Analysis 12 Unit Root Test 12 Optimality Lag Test 13 Johansen Test for Cointegration 13 Test for Spurious Regression 13 Test for Autocorrelation 14 Test for Causality 14 Single Equation ECM 14 Estimated Model 15
V. Analysis and Conclusion 17
VI. References 19
Appendix 20

I. Introduction Suicide, defined in the dictionary as the act of taking one 's own life, is a cause of death that is one of the most difficult to analyze. This is mostly because factors that lead to its happening are often attributed to psychological and personal factors, including depression, psychosis, impulsiveness, or even outright philosophical (Lickerman, 2010) which are highly personal and difficult to analyze. Making suicide determination harder are criteria that define reported deaths as suicides. One guide for such determination, the Operational Criteria for the Determination of Suicide (Rosenberg et al., 1988), established that for a death to be regarded as suicide, it must be self-inflicted and intentional, criteria which are not easy to fulfill especially the second, which relies heavily on reliable witnesses and thorough investigation.

Further complicating suicide studies is the



References: Altinanahtar, A., & Halicioglu, F. (2009).  A  Dynamic Econometric Study of Suicides in Turkey (MPRA Paper No. 15568). Istanbul, Turkey: Yeditepe University. Retrieved November 4, 2012, from http://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/15568.html Barstad, A Best, R. (2008). An Introduction to Error Correction Models. Retrieved at Oxford Spring School Website from http://springschool.politics.ox.ac.uk/archive/2008/OxfordECM.pdf Cooper, P.N., & Milroy, C.M. (1995). The Coroner 's System and Under-Reporting of Suicide. Medicine, Science, and the Law, 35(4), 319-26. Daly, M., &  Wilson, D. (2008). Happiness, Unhappiness, and Suicide: An Empirical Assessment. Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (Working Paper, 2008-18). Gujarati, D.N. & Porter, D.C. (2009). Basic Econometrics (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Johansen, S. (1988). "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol Lamar, J.  (2000).  Suicides in Japan Reach a Record High.  British Medical Journal, 321(7260), 528 Learning Economics (n.d.)Cointegration National Rural Health Alliance Inc. (2009, May). Suicide in Rural Australia. Retrieved December 14, 2012, from nrha.ruralhealth.org.au/cms/uploads/factsheets/fact-sheet-14-suicide.pdf O 'Dea, D., & Tucker, S The Anika Foundation. (2012, October 7). Explaining the Rise in Youth Suicide. Retrieved December 14, 2012, from www.anikafoundation.com/rise_in_suicide.shtml Uy, V. (2012, July 16). Local suicide incidents surge by ten times over past 20 years. InterAkyson. Retrieved from http://www.interaksyon.com/ Yamamura, E

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Each year, thousands of teenagers die, not from accidents, cancer, illness, or diseases but by their own hands. Children have begun turning to suicide for a way out. Teenager is becoming a larger problem in today's society. There are certain groups of people are higher risk than others, there are many different reasons people turn to suicide, and many warning signs that are easy to pick up on to help someone in need.…

    • 721 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Suicide, the act of taking one’s own life, was the tenth leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for nearly 35,000…

    • 1056 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Durkheim was the first to study the social causes, or facts that he believed led to suicide, and these social facts are what shape humans’ behaviour and are external to the individual. He did recognise that some were naturally predisposed to committing suicide, but he argue that it was largely a social problem. However, many interpretevists contest Durkheim’s findings, arguing that the meaning needs to be investigated to find the causes of a suicide rather than a positivist approach, relying on scientific methods.…

    • 1578 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Psy/270 Appendix E

    • 502 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Respond to the following based on the information in the “Suicide Rates by Age Group” article:…

    • 502 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Moreover, three data tables titled, “10 Leading Causes of Death by Age Group, United States” collected by the National Vital Statistics System in 2005, 2010, and 2015 show the increase of suicide over the years. Suicide rates were ranked third in 2005, where age group 10-14 had 270 suicide cases and age group 15-24 had 4,212 cases (see table 1). In 2010, suicide was still at third rank in both age groups, but the number of cases decreased in age group 10-14 with 267 cases and increased in age group 15-24 with 4,600 cases (see table 2). In 2015, suicide remained third rank for suicide for age group 10-14 at 409 cases—doubling within five years (see table 3). For age group 15-24, suicide became second rank with 5,491 cases (see table 3).…

    • 1456 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    In Sacramento County from 1991 to 2014, there were 1,636 cases of non-fatal hospitalization due to suicide. In 2014, specifically, there were 86 cases. 44 of the people who attempted suicide were White, 19 were Hispanic, 14 were Black, eight were Asian or Pacific Islander, and one was unknown. Amongst this group, 20 of them were male, and 66 were female (CDPH Vital Statistics Death Statistical Master Files, 2017). On the other hand, from 1991 to 2013, there were 156 suicide deaths between the ages of 15 to 19. The total of suicide deaths in 2013 alone was seven. Among these deaths, four were White, two were Hispanic, and one was Black. Six of them were male and one was female.…

    • 121 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    suicide epidemiologist at the University of Bristol in England. There may be no red flags and…

    • 126 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The studies have shown sixty percent of the suicidal ratings are higher than the national average for the past two years. The suicidal attempts…

    • 316 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    “Suicide is a permanent solution to a temporary problem.” An innumerable amount of people believe suicide is a growing epidemic in today’s society. In fact, statistics show in the year 2013, 41,149 suicides had been reported as well as many that went unreported. Although there are suicide prevention tactics, there is not a known solution for the rapid increase of suicide deaths.…

    • 737 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    According a Financial Post article by Sharon Kirkey, “suicide is 2.5 times more likely among the unemployed”, with debt being a risk factor to depression and suicide (Kirkey, Sharon, 2014). After the economic meltdown there was at least 10,000 additional “economic suicides” across Europe and North America. Countries such as Sweden prevented increased suicides with programs to get people back to work (Kirkey, 2014). Other factors that could lead to suicide among workers is gender norms. Many workers laid off were men, where the idea of a strong male who does not talk about their feelings as enforced by gender constructs, may have resulted in pent up depression with suicide s their only way of escaping. In North America, suicide is not promoted, yet it becomes an attractive out when we are no longer are able to meet the standards we have set out for ourselves in society. What the article demonstrates about death in North America is that despite peoples best efforts to help people away from suicide, death can be an escape. There is a need to feel in control in North America about our lives and death. Death in North America is unknown and often scary to us but when we become so fed up with life it becomes a…

    • 465 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    In recent years, there has been growing concern over the reporting by the media of those who die by suicide. Various groups, such as the Centers for Disease Control (1994), the World Health Organization and the International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP) (WHO & IASP, 2008), have proposed recommendations.…

    • 2189 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Suicide is the act of taking one’s own life whether it is voluntarily or intentionally. According to The Centers for Disease Control, it has shown that each year, more than 34,000 suicides occur in the United States. For Americans, suicide is the eleventh leading cause of death. It resulted in 34,598 lives lost in 2007. The top 3 methods used in suicides included firearm (50%), suffocation (24%), and poisoning (18%). (cdc.gov). Many people try to figure out what is the underlining cause of suicide. According to Steven Gerardi, author of, A brief survey of the sociological imagination, his general conclusion of the underlining cause of suicide varies inversely with the degree of integration of the social groups of which the individual forms a part. He also states that suicide varies inversely with the degree of integration of religious society, domestic society, and political society. (Gerardi, pg.13). As we go further in the studies of suicide, we raise the question as to why do people commit suicide based on these factors and who are the people who commit…

    • 639 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Suicide

    • 6595 Words
    • 27 Pages

    Not every self-inflicted death is a suicide. A man, who crashes his car into a tree after falling asleep on the wheel, is not trying to kill himself. Edwin Shneidman (1999, 1993, 1981, 1963), one of the most influential writers on this topic, defines suicide as an intentioned death—a self-inflicted death in which one makes an intentional, direct and conscious effort to end one’s life.…

    • 6595 Words
    • 27 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Suicide in Japan

    • 423 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The suicide rate is high in Japan because killing themselves is maybe always in the back of their minds. When they face a serious problem they have to make some certain choices, and one of the alternate choices that they make is suicide.…

    • 423 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The following table, constructed from figures reflected in the YASHADA report, drives a point in respect of the Suicide Mortality Rate (SMR) {which is average no of suicides for one lack of population per year} of some relevant re rate figures for different areas which stands for the.…

    • 1915 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays