Earthquake Loads & Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings
Earthquake Loads & Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings
1. 1
2. Summary 2
3. Earthquake Design - A Conceptual Review 2
4. Earthquake Resisting Performance Expectations 3
5. Key Material Parameters for Effective Earthquake Resistant Design 3
6. Earthquake Design Level Ground Motion 4
6.1. Elastic Response Spectra 4
6.2. Relative Seismicity 5
6.3. Soil amplification 6
7. Derivation of Ductile Design Response Spectra 7
8. Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design Principles 8
8.1. The Basic Principles of Earthquake Resistant Design 8
8.2. Controls of the Analysis Procedure 8
8.3. The Conventional' Earthquake Design Procedure 11
9. The Capacity Design Philosophy for Earthquake Resistance 11
9.1. General Approach 11
9.2. The Implications of Capacity Design 12
10. Earthquake Resistant Structural Systems 12
10.1. Moment Resisting Frames: 12
10.2. Shear Walls 13
10.3. Braced Frames 13
11. The Importance & Implications of Structural Regularity 13
11.1. General 13
11.2. Vertical Regularity 14
11.3. Horizontal Regularity. 14
11.4. Floor Diaphragms 14
12. Methods of Analysis 15
12.1. Integrated Time History Analysis 15
12.2. Multi-modal Analysis 15
12.3. Equivalent Static Analysis 15
13. Trends and Future Directions 16
14. Conclusions 16
15. References 17
1.
Summary
The primary objective of earthquake resistant design is to prevent building collapse during earthquakes thus minimising the risk of death or injury to people in or around those buildings. Because damaging earthquakes are rare, economics dictate that damage to buildings is expected and acceptable provided collapse is avoided.
Earthquake forces are generated by the inertia of buildings as they dynamically respond to ground motion. The dynamic nature of the response makes earthquake loadings markedly different from other building loads. Designer temptation to consider earthquakes as a very strong wind' is a trap that must be avoided since the dynamic characteristics of the building are fundamental to the
1. 1
2. Summary 2
3. Earthquake Design - A Conceptual Review 2
4. Earthquake Resisting Performance Expectations 3
5. Key Material Parameters for Effective Earthquake Resistant Design 3
6. Earthquake Design Level Ground Motion 4
6.1. Elastic Response Spectra 4
6.2. Relative Seismicity 5
6.3. Soil amplification 6
7. Derivation of Ductile Design Response Spectra 7
8. Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design Principles 8
8.1. The Basic Principles of Earthquake Resistant Design 8
8.2. Controls of the Analysis Procedure 8
8.3. The Conventional' Earthquake Design Procedure 11
9. The Capacity Design Philosophy for Earthquake Resistance 11
9.1. General Approach 11
9.2. The Implications of Capacity Design 12
10. Earthquake Resistant Structural Systems 12
10.1. Moment Resisting Frames: 12
10.2. Shear Walls 13
10.3. Braced Frames 13
11. The Importance & Implications of Structural Regularity 13
11.1. General 13
11.2. Vertical Regularity 14
11.3. Horizontal Regularity. 14
11.4. Floor Diaphragms 14
12. Methods of Analysis 15
12.1. Integrated Time History Analysis 15
12.2. Multi-modal Analysis 15
12.3. Equivalent Static Analysis 15
13. Trends and Future Directions 16
14. Conclusions 16
15. References 17
1.
Summary
The primary objective of earthquake resistant design is to prevent building collapse during earthquakes thus minimising the risk of death or injury to people in or around those buildings. Because damaging earthquakes are rare, economics dictate that damage to buildings is expected and acceptable provided collapse is avoided.
Earthquake forces are generated by the inertia of buildings as they dynamically respond to ground motion. The dynamic nature of the response makes earthquake loadings markedly different from other building loads. Designer temptation to consider earthquakes as a very strong wind' is a trap that must be avoided since the dynamic characteristics of the building are fundamental to the
References: 1 New Zealand Government Print, 1992. Regulations to the Building Act, Wellington. 2 Australian Building Codes Board. 1996. Building Code of Australia. CCH Australia for the ABCB. Canberra. 3 Standards New Zealand. 1992. Loading Standard. NZS 4203. Wellington. 4 Standards Australia. 1988. Dead and live loads and load combinations. AS 1170.1. Homebush, Sydney. 5 Standards Australia 6 Standards Australia. 1992. Snow loads. AS 1170.3. Homebush, Sydney. 7 Standards Australia 11 Paulay T. and Preistley M.J.N. 1992. Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings. John Wiley & Son Inc. New York. 12 Canadian Concrete Association. 1994. Design of Concrete Structures for Buildings. CAN-A23.3-M84. Rexdale, Ontario. 13 Paulay T. 1997. A Review of Code Provisions for Torsional Seismic Effects in Buildings. New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering Bulletin. Wellington Vol 30 (3) pp 252-264. 14 Priestley, M.J.N