Preview

Early Jamestown: Why Did so Many Colonists Die?

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
559 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Early Jamestown: Why Did so Many Colonists Die?
In the matter of four years, almost every colonist died in Jamestown. In 1607, English ships sailed The Chesapeake Bay and later made their way to Jamestown in Virginia. By summer of 1609, 524 colonists would have arrived in Jamestown. But by 1611, over three hundred would be dead! There are three main reasons why this horrible incident would have happened. There was not enough food, the water was unusable, and they didn’t have enough skillful workers to help them survive.

One of the biggest problems for the colonists is that the droughts decreased their chances for growing crops, (Doc. B) and the food that they did have, wouldn’t have been enough to last the winter. (Doc. D) From about 1607 to 1612, Jamestown suffered a horrible drought. This would be problems for the colonists because no water means that they can’t grow crops. Since crops are a source of food, that means that there was no food to feed the colonists. This leads to a reason they starved. Another reason they starved is Francis West’s men took the grain, put it on their ships, and didn’t even take it to Jamestown. (Doc. D) They took the grain to England. This had to be one of the biggest reasons for the colonist’s starvation.

Another big problem for the colonists is that their water was too salty and contaminated, which made it unusable. (Doc. A) This caused many to get sick and die. The thing that caused the water’s to become too salty are the high and low tides, an event that happened twice daily. Since the human waste didn’t flush away in the rivers and just stay in the water, this caused it to be contaminated and a major cause for disease. Water was also scarce during the first four years, caused by a drought. (Doc. B) The drought probably caused a lot of competition for water and the water they did have was all contaminated.

The last major problem for the colonists, when they came in 1607, they didn’t bring many skillful workers. (Doc. C) Almost all the people who came were

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Many of the colonist died due to disease. In document A it says, “disease in the early years to Jamestown’s position at the salt-fresh water transition, where filth introduced into the river tended to fester rather than flush away”, which was not good for the settlers. Due to the waste just staying instead of floating away the water became unclean and unsanitary and if consumed by the settlers they would become ill with the disease and possibly die. Document E, shows us that in August through October of the year 1607, summer sickness killed half the colonist. In the year 1608, Smith reports “many dead, some sick”. The summer of the year 1609-1610, it says “disease returns, 100 at Jamestown “sickened and a half the number dies” With all that being said it’s safe to say that a big cause of the colonist death was disease.…

    • 492 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    In 1607 King James of England issued a royal charter to colonize America. They built a fort around the Chesapeake Bay and named it Jamestown in honor of their king. The region of the Chesapeake they were settling on was already home to over 20,000 Algonquian Indians. Their leader, Powhatan, immediately confronted the new English settlers asking them to establish an alliance. Powhatan believed that he could stat a valuable trade with the English and also help support them as they begin to settle. The Jamestown colony began to go down hill, they started to rely so much on the Algonquians for supply’s that they became unable to support themselves. Jamestown became so dependent on the Algonquian stores that John Smith and his men went out and attacked and raided other surrounding Indian villages for food and other supply’s. Powhatan realized that al the English came for was to invade and take their land, not to trade with them. So Powhatan decided to starve the colonists. During the winter 1609-1610 large amounts of colonists in the Jamestown settlement starved and a number of them resorted to cannibalism. Out of the 900 colonists that had been sent to Virginia to settle it, only 60 remained. The English however were determined to keep the colony going. The Virginia company sent more men, women, children, and livestock to the Jamestown colony. This time they were prepared to fight Powhatan and his tribe. Because the new colonists were prepared to fight and to help themselves with farming and trading they turned the colony’s failure to success. In 1613 the colonists had firm control over the areas between the James and York rivers. The Algonquin Indians were so rundown from all the warfare and disease, they became forced to sign a peace treaty with the English. The English now started to grow bigger and bigger. They introduced tobacco production. This became a very merchantable commodity. The English started out relying on the Indians to do everything for them, and they…

    • 397 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    By the time the English arrived, Powhatan was the head of the Indians, dominating a few dozen tribes in the James River area. Initially, the Indians considered the English as potential allies because the English helped them to control other Indian tribes in the region. However, the relationship between them aggravated as time went on. One of the reasons is because the different languages and cultures caused general precautions. But, more importantly, it was the confliction upon the matter of survival. Since the majority of the early colonists were adventurous gentlemen who were highly educated and not accustomed to hard labors, there were insufficient labor forces for farming and domestic affairs. Therefore, the initial colonists often confronted significant food deficiencies, which…

    • 541 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Edmond Morgan argues that one reason for failure was a lack of organization and he doesn’t think that Jamestown has good leadership. The colonies government was made up of a council and a president. The president had virtually no authority, and the council spent most of its time arguing and not actually accomplishing any governing. The next problem that Morgan brings to attention is a combination of laziness and the makeup of the population. When the colonists first arrived to Jamestown they functioned as a socialist like community. The colonists farmed as a whole and everyone was given equal portions of the crop, so this was not boost to plant and farm as much as possible. “The work a man did bore no direct relation to his reward. The laggard would receive as large a share in the end as the man who worked hard” (Morgan p. 31). Governor Dale then caught on to this and changed their functioning to that of a capitalist like private enterprise. He gave each man three acres or twelve if he had a family, and each man or family could keep what they grew except for a tax of two and a half barrels of corn per year. This put the colony into a surplus, then they think that was good enough and a new aspect of laziness appeared. Out of a population of roughly three hundred, roughly one hundred were gentleman. “Gentleman, by definition, had no manual skill, nor could they be expected to work at ordinary labor.” (Morgan p. 32) In other words, the gentlemen were lazy, ignorant to the trade of labor, and thought too highly of themselves to…

    • 657 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    During the winter of 1609-10, things could have been better, yet 500 settlers were starving from lack of harvesting. The result…

    • 640 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the matter of four years, almost every colonist died in Jamestown. In 1607 English ships sailed The Chesapeake Bay, and later made their way to Jamestown in Virginia. Powhatan Indians. By summer of 1609, 524 colonists would have arrived in Jamestown. But by 1611, over three hundred would be dead! There are three main reasons why this horrible incident happened were; lack of water, lack good workers, and poor relations with the Powhatan Indians.…

    • 766 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    In Jamestown around one hundred out of one hundred and forty-four people died, similarly in the Plymouth Plantation, only fifty out of around one hundred people survived. The Plymouth Plantation and Jamestown have lots of similarities in the way their colonies were established and run. Although these colonies did have lots of similarities, don’t think for a second that there weren’t any discrepancies. The Plymouth Plantation and Jamestown are just as similar as they’re different from each other.…

    • 194 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    APUSH Ch. 2 Part III

    • 341 Words
    • 2 Pages

    1. The English settlement’s primary purpose in Jamestown was to have independence and to settle in a new land. During the first 20 years, there were many difficulties. There was a large decrease in colonists due to lack of food while searching for gold. Diseases also killed the colonists because they didn’t have the immune system to keep them healthy.…

    • 341 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    James Town settlement

    • 326 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Jamestown was a settlement in the Colony of Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. Established by the Virginia company of London as “James Fort” in 1607 and considered permanent after brief abandonment in 1610 (Wikipedia). Despite having several early fail attempts, Jamestown survived and became the capital of the colony. The question is how did Jamestown survived despite becoming a place of misery and death?…

    • 326 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Jamestown vs. New England

    • 1295 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The Jamestown colony was located near present day James City County, Virginia. Jamestown was the first permanent settlement by the English in what is in current day known as the United States. The location of Jamestown was selected primarily for the fact that it provided a favorable defensive location against any other foreign powers that may have tried to gain control of the colony. John Smith, Robert Hunt along with others provided inspirational leadership for the colonists but even so starvation became a very apparent problem. The hostile relations with the local Native American people and a lack of any profitable exports only made matters worse. Despite this and a horrible winter bearing down on them, the colonists persevered. At the end of the first winter only 60 of the original 214 English colonists survived. (jamestown virginia) The settlers who came over on the initial three ships were not well-equipped for the life they found in Jamestown. In addition to the “Gentry” who was not accustomed to manual or skilled labor, they consisted mainly of English farmers who were not prepared physically or emotionally for the problems that would face them. (old and sold antique digest) Yet despite this they persevered and worked as a team to establish a colony. However, when two ships, crudely constructed in Bermuda, arrived at the settlement with no supplies, when the colonists desperately needed supplies the most, the settlers packed up and abandoned…

    • 1295 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dbq Jamestown

    • 506 Words
    • 3 Pages

    It was not an easy beginning during the time of the Jamestown settlement, the majority of the settlers died due to extreme conditions, what was the cause of this? In the spring of 1607, the king of England gave 110 Englishmen his blessing to sail in search of gold. These Englishmen sailed into the mouth of a bay on the coast of Virginia. However the question we are now faced with is, Why did do many colonist die? The colonist died because of three main reasons; environmental issues, lack of skills, and bad relations with the natives.…

    • 506 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The choice of the Jamestown peninsula; believing it would provide security from the natives, proved to be a poor one. The land “was low and swampy and surrounded by thick woods” (Brinkley 35). They became susceptible to disease such as malaria. For the Pilgrims upon the Mayflower, intending to most likely land around the Hudson River; in what is now New York, instead discovered themselves on the Cape Cod. After some exploration, they found their settlement in Plymouth a land just outside the London Company’s region. The first winter claimed the lives of half their colonist due to malnutrition, disease and…

    • 1159 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    James Town

    • 569 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Many colonists died because they had no skills to survive in a new place. According to the “First and Second Jamestown Ship List” in Document C, 47 of the 110 colonist were Gentlemen in May 1607. These Gentlemen came to Jamestown with the belief that they would find wealth. The Gentlemen, including other colonists, didn’t know how to farm or hunt. They traded with the Powhatan Confederacy for food but that got old, and the Indians later put a stop to the trade for the Englishmen to “Starving Time” in 1609. Also, there was only 1 doctor. Therefore, if someone got sick they would have a way bigger chance of dying than seeing that 1 doctor. The evidences helped explain why so many colonists died because the inexperience of the colonist led to them not being able to support themselves.…

    • 569 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    As the Englishmen of future Jamestown set sail, they never stopped to think about how over half of the population of the new world would die within the first few month, as stated on www.jarofquotes.com, “Despair gives courage to a coward.”. A little bit of background info might be good, so here it is. The date is the spring of 1607, as well, the places are, Chesapeake Bay, the James River, and Jamestown itself. And finally, out of the background info, before they came, the English had many fights with the Spanish. But they had good hopes for the new world. There are many interesting facts about Jamestown, a few of which are that in all the time they were in Jamestown, there was only one execution. One other interesting fact is that they didn't know how to spell words, so they made up spellings. In early Jamestown, colonists died because of three main reasons, Starvation, Murder, and Water Problems.…

    • 696 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Jamestown

    • 585 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Jamestown’s location on an island was a rather poor decision for many reasons. One of which was the lack of fresh water available to settlers. Since the island was near the coast, it was surrounded by brackish water, a mix of salt water and fresh water resulting in an undrinkable water source around the island. Wells dug on the island were usually shallow and thus suffered the chance of drought or salt water intrusion from the surrounding water.(Doc A) Without a readily available supply of water the colonists were more susceptible to disease because the colonists were not able to replenish the amount of water lost due to disease. Also the salty water made it harder to grow crops such as corn because corn is rather salinesensitive and this limited food supplies which led to starvation among colonists. Another…

    • 585 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays