Dutch Republic DBQ
The Dutch Revolt ultimately resulted in the Union of Utrecht, uniting the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Phillip II of Spain. The newly formed Dutch Republic, or United Provinces of the Netherlands, was the wealthiest and most trade engaged nation in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries. Components like geographic location, economic superiority, and religious toleration led to the vast popularization of the Netherlands. However, this Golden Age was not prolonged. From 1650 to 1713, the Dutch Republic encountered many challenges involving security, unity, and prosperity. These challenges included conflicts with foreign nations, progressive disunity of the provinces, and ongoing trade issues which would lead to the ultimate decline of Dutch success. First, the Dutch Republic faced a series of challenges involving security. Most of these challenges derived from foreign nations, particularly France and England. During the three Anglo-Dutch Wars approximately 2,000 - 2,700 Dutch ships were seized by the English, whereas only 500 English ships were seized by the Dutch during the 22 years of war (Doc.3). Proven by the abundance of ships England captured, they had a very powerful navy that threatened the security of major nations, particularly the Dutch Republic. Tensions rose during the Anglo-Dutch wars and precautions were being taken. A pamphlet published in Holland stated that defensive forces on land and at sea must improve, but heavy taxes were restricting improvement and had to be terminated. Exemplified by heavy taxes, the Dutch went to great lengths to fund the military in hopes of preserving security from foreign nations. France was also a threat to the Dutch Republic’s security. The Resolution of the Amsterdam City Council in 1671 stated that French monarchs and other kings plotted against the Dutch Republic, planning to take over their trading and navigation. Because of the Dutch’s previous wealth and