Drosophila Melanogaster
Autosomal Inheritance of Wrinkled and black Mutations in Drosophila melanogaster
Abstract
Homozygous Wrinkled virgin females and homozygous black male Drosophila melanogaster, were crossed. Mutations were located on chromosome two and three respectively. The F1 generation, all Wrinkled and black, was inbred yielding and F2 generation. A phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 was hypothesized with wrinkled wings and wild type body: wrinkled wings and black body: wild type wings and body wing: wild type wings and black body correspondingly. A p-value<0.01 was obtained from a Χ2=23.24 thus rejecting the hypothesis. Observed data gave a 5:3:2:1 phenotypic ratio of wrinkled wings: wrinkled wings and black body: wild type wings body: black body respectively yielding these values. A BLAST search on the black mutant gene alignment gave an E-value of zero when compared to Anopheles Gambiae. A BLASTn search on the Wrinkled gene sequence produced an E-value of 2 x 10-18 when compared to Anastrepha ludens. Search results concluded biological relevance, and homology of these genes.
Results
A parental cross of black male mutants and Wrinkled female mutants yielded a F1 generation of all Wrinkled and black flies. The F1 generation was self crossed then F2 generation scored and hypothesized to give a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio. In the experiment three parental viles with virgin females were made. Two vials contained two male Wrinkled flies and two female black flies, and one vile with two male black flies and two female Wrinkled flies. The F1 generation survived in two of the three viles all yielding the wrinkled wings and black body phenotype. The F1 flies were then self-crossed into three separate viles yielding an F2 generation. Only the F2 viles from the original black male and wrinkled female parents survived. After the F2 flies hatched they were counted for twelve days. The experimental data of the F2 generation produced a 5:3:2:1 ratio of Wrinkled and wild type wing:
Abstract
Homozygous Wrinkled virgin females and homozygous black male Drosophila melanogaster, were crossed. Mutations were located on chromosome two and three respectively. The F1 generation, all Wrinkled and black, was inbred yielding and F2 generation. A phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 was hypothesized with wrinkled wings and wild type body: wrinkled wings and black body: wild type wings and body wing: wild type wings and black body correspondingly. A p-value<0.01 was obtained from a Χ2=23.24 thus rejecting the hypothesis. Observed data gave a 5:3:2:1 phenotypic ratio of wrinkled wings: wrinkled wings and black body: wild type wings body: black body respectively yielding these values. A BLAST search on the black mutant gene alignment gave an E-value of zero when compared to Anopheles Gambiae. A BLASTn search on the Wrinkled gene sequence produced an E-value of 2 x 10-18 when compared to Anastrepha ludens. Search results concluded biological relevance, and homology of these genes.
Results
A parental cross of black male mutants and Wrinkled female mutants yielded a F1 generation of all Wrinkled and black flies. The F1 generation was self crossed then F2 generation scored and hypothesized to give a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio. In the experiment three parental viles with virgin females were made. Two vials contained two male Wrinkled flies and two female black flies, and one vile with two male black flies and two female Wrinkled flies. The F1 generation survived in two of the three viles all yielding the wrinkled wings and black body phenotype. The F1 flies were then self-crossed into three separate viles yielding an F2 generation. Only the F2 viles from the original black male and wrinkled female parents survived. After the F2 flies hatched they were counted for twelve days. The experimental data of the F2 generation produced a 5:3:2:1 ratio of Wrinkled and wild type wing:
Cited: Abler M., L. Baines, F. Ellis, A. Galbraith, and R. Werren 2013. Genetics Laboratory Manual. University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA. 22 BLAST 2012. Accessed February 2013. Grether M.E., J.M. Abrams, J. Agapite, K. White, and H. Steller 1995. The head involution defective gene of Drosophila melanogaster functions in programmed cell death Genes & Development 9:1694-1708 Phillips A.M., R. Smart, R. Strauss, B. Brembs, and L.E. Kelly 2005. The Drosophila black enigma: The molecular and behavioural characterization of the black1 mutant allele :131-142