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Dorothy Lee

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Dorothy Lee
Dorothy Lee

In the western culture of today's society, we strongly stress the respect for other people's decision and the freedom for individual thought and belief, yet we are so accustomed to constantly judge and attempt to control others if their opinions or manners are not in an accordance with ours. Dorothy Lee is an anthropologist who studies and compares the western culture and the culture of the Navaho Indians. Through many aspects of this society she provides insight and alternative approaches into problems we experience from examining a culture that values freedom as something sacred, where individual autonomy is supported by the entire community and not subjected to age or gender. Simply put, the cultural framework of the Navaho Indians is the prospective goal of what the western society attempts to strive and achieve.
In western society there is often a controversial connection between individual autonomy and societal regulations. In the workplace, individual opinions are honoured, but a superior is required to regulate and oversee those opinions. At home, children are encouraged to learn from mistakes, but a mother is always there to stop them from making any. At school, hard work is valued in itself, yet there is no reward for those that cannot earn it and success is held out for only those who are deserve it. How then can anyone in this controversial society that must reconcile to, as Lee puts it, principles of conformity and individual initiative, group living and private freedom of choice, social regulation and personal autonomy, achieve individual freedom? The key problem Lee attempts to shine light on is that our society lack the respect for individual autonomy, we constantly suppress spontaneous actions and we don't glorify sheer personal being. The difference between the Navaho Society and ours is that they are able to achieve individual autonomy because in their society freedom itself is supported by a deep conviction and endorsed by the

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    The key social problem Lee addresses is the conflict between personal autonomy and the social structure. Personal autonomy is the ability one person has to determine their own actions and path. However, in the American social structure that Lee describes, American society believes that “the implication of personal autonomy may lead to lawlessness and chaos” (Lee). This would disrupt the Western social structure that is already in place, however, Lee points to many examples in the text, one of them being the Wintu Indians that show that structure makes autonomy possible and groups of autonomy make social structure. Lee refers to the Wintu Indians language, specifically the way the Wintu Indians speak to each other and refer to each other. In her research, Lee notices that the Wintu Indians way of referring to family members does not put them at a higher or lower level, but rather an equal level, which signifies respect. For example, if someone has a sister, they would not say “I have a sister”, instead, they would say “I am sistered”. Lee also notes that this respect is shown towards everyone. The Wintu Indians do not “permit” each other to do things, rather, when a child asks “Can I?”, they are not asking permission, but they are asking if it is a good idea. The way the Wintu Indians speak to each other shows that they are all in fact on the same level with each other. No one is above another – there is no hierarchy. The way they speak also shows that each individual is given the same respect, a child and an adult, a father and son, even a member of the village and the chief, are all respected the same. This is…

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