Preview

Dividend Policy

Best Essays
Open Document
Open Document
5103 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Dividend Policy
An Empirical Analysis of Dividend Payout Policy
Indian Corporate

ABSTRACT

In the present paper an attempt has been made to assess the dividend payout policies of Indian Companies. For the purpose of study BSE Sensex -30 companies have been selected as sample for the study. To study impact of profitability, liquidity and size of business on dividend payout regression analysis were carried out. An attempt has also been made to calculate estimated dividend payout based on regression results. The result of the study indicates dividend policies of Indian companies were highly influenced by profitability and liquidity of the firm. The major companies follow conservative dividend policy.

Keywords: Dividend Payout Policy; Indian Capital market.

An Empirical Analysis of Dividend Payout Policy
Indian Corporate

Introduction:
Dividend policy is one of the most controversial subjects in finance. Dividend policy is one of the most important financial policies, not only from the viewpoint of the company, but also from that of the shareholders, the customers, the workers, regulatory bodies and the Government. Finance scholars have engaged in extensive theorizing to explain why companies should pay or not pay dividends.

Lintner, 1956; Brittain, 1964; Modigliani and Miller, 1961; Pettit, 1972; Black and Scholes 1973, Michael, Thaler and Womack, 1995; Dhillon and Johnson, 1994; Amibud and Murgia, 1997; Charitou and Vafeas, 1998, studies has determined on the developed countries, the decision between paying dividend and retaining earnings has been taken seriously by both investors and management, and has been the subject of considerable research by economists in the last four decades.

Financial economists have therefore, acknowledged the after tax earnings of any business firm as an important internal source of investible funds and also a basis for dividend payments to shareholders. The decision to retain, reinvest or pay out after tax earnings in form of



References: Akhigbe, Aigbe, Stephen F. Borde, and Jeff Madura (1993), "Dividend Policy and Signaling by Insurance Companies," The Journal of Risk and Insurance, vol. 60, September, pp. 413-428. Belsley, D.A., E. Kuh, and R.E. Welsch (1980), Regression Diagnostics, Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity, Wiley, New York, Chapter 3. Bhat, R. and I.M. Pandey (1994), “Dividend Decision: A Study of Managers’ Perceptions”, Decision, Vol. 21, No.s 1 & 2, January-June 1994, pp. 67-86. Collins, M. Cary, Atul K. Saxena, and James W. Wansley (1996), "The Role of Insiders and Dividend Policy: A Comparison of Regulated and Unregulated Firms," Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, vol. 9, no. 2, Summer, pp. 1-9. Crutchley, Claire, and Robert Hansen (1989), "A Test of the Agency Theory of Managerial Ownership, Corporate Leverage, and Corporate Dividends", Financial Management, vol. 18, Winter, pp. 36-46. Dakshinamurthy D Damodaran Aswath (1999), Applied Corporate Finance, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York. Easterbrook, Frank H. (1984), "Two Agency-Cost Explanations of Dividends,"American Economic Review, vol. 74, no. 4, September, pp. 221-230. George R. and Kumudha A., (2005), “A Study on Dividend Policy of Hindustan Construction Co. Ltd. With special Reference to Linter’s Model”, Synergy, Vol. 4, No.1, pp. 86-96. Gupta N.C. and Sharma G.L. (1991), “Dividend Behaviour in Tea Industry in India: A Case Study of Selected Firms”, ASCI Journal of Management, Vol. 20, No.4, pp. 274-283. Hansen, Robert S., Raman Kumar, and Dilip K. Shome (1994), "Dividend Policy and Corporate Monitoring: Evidence from the Regulated Electric Utility Industry," Financial Management, vol. 23, Spring, pp. 16-22. Jensen, M.C. (1986), "Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers," American Economic Review, May, pp. 323-330. Jensen, M.C. and W.H. Meckling (1976), "Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure," Journal of Financial Economics, vol. 3, October, pp. 305-360. Jensen, Gerald R., Donald P. Solberg, and Thomas S. Zorn (1992), "Simultaneous Determination of Insider Ownership, Debt, and Dividend Policies," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, vol. 27, June, pp. 247-263. John, Kose, and Joseph Williams (1985), "Dividends, Dilution, and Taxes: A Signaling Equilibrium," Journal of Finance, vol. 40, September, pp. 1053-1070. Kennedy, Peter (1985), A Guide to Econometrics, 2nd edition, Basil Blackwell Ltd., Oxford, UK,. Kevin, S. (1992), “Dividend Policy: an Analysis of Some Determinants”, Finance India, Vol. VI, No. 2, June, pp. 253-259. Mahapatra, R.P. and P.K. Sahu (1993), “A Note on Determinants of Corporate Dividend Behaviour in India – An Econometric Analysis”, Decision, Vol. 20, No. 1, January-March, pp. 1-22. Miller, Merton, and Franco Modigliani (1961), "Dividend Policy, Growth and The Valuation of Shares," Journal of Business, vol. 34, October, pp. 411-433. Miller, Merton, and Kevin Rock (1985), "Dividend Policy Under Asymmetric Information," Journal of Finance, vol. 40, September, pp. 1031-1051. Mishra, C. and V. Narender (1996), “Dividend Policies of SoEs in India – An Analysis”, Finance India, Vol. X, No. 3, September, pp. 633-645 Mohanty, P Moyer, R. Charles, Robert E. Chatfield, and Phillip M. Sisneros (1989), "Security Analyst Monitoring Activity: Agency Costs and Information Demands," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, vol. 24, December, pp. 503-512. Moyer, R. Charles, Ramesh Rao, and Niranjan Tripathy (1992), "Dividend Policy and Regulatory Risk: A Test of the Smith Hypothesis," Journal of Economics and Business, vol. 44, May, pp. 127-134. Myers, Steward C., and Nicholas Majluf (1984), "Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions When Firms Have Information That Investors Do Not Have," Journal of Financial Economics, vol. 13, June, pp. 187-221. Narasimhan,M.S.and C. Asha (1997),“Implications of Dividend Tax on Corporate Financial Policies”,The ICFAI Journal of Applied Finance, Vol.3, No.2, July, pp.11-28. Narasimhan, M.S. and S. Vijayalakshmi (2002), “Impact of Agency Cost on Leverage and Dividend Policies”, The ICFAI Journal of Applied Finance, Vol. 8, No. 2, March, pp. 16-25. Oza H., (2004), “Dividend Decision: A managerial Approach, A Survey of Selected Enterprises”, Executive Company Secretary, November, pp. 40-45. Rao, Ramesh, and R. Charles Moyer (1994), "Regulatory Climate and Electric Utility Capital Structure Decisions," The Financial Review, vol. 29, February, pp. 97-124. Reddy Y., (2004), “Dividend Policy of Indian Corporate Firms: An Analysis of Trends and Determinants” http://www.nse-india.com/content/research/paper71. Rozeff, Michael S. (1982), "Growth, Beta and Agency Costs as Determinants of Dividend Payout Ratios," Journal of Financial Research, vol. 5, Fall, pp. 249-259. Singhania Monica (2007), “Dividend Policy of India Companies”, The Icfai Journal of Applied Finance, vol. 13, No.3, pp. 5-30. Smith, Jr., Clifford W. (1986), "Investment Banking and the Capital Acquisition Process," Journal of Financial Economics, vol. 15, January/February, pp. 2-29. Smith, Clifford W., and Ross Watts (1992), "The Investment Opportunity Set and Corporate Financing, Dividend, and Compensation," Journal of Financial Economics, vol. 32, December, pp. 263-292. Sur D. (2005), “Dividend Payout Trends in the Post-liberalisation Era: A case Study of Colgate Palmolive (India) Ltd.” The Management Accountant, March, pp. 201-206. Woolridge, J. Randall and Chinmoy Ghosh (1988), "An Analysis of Shareholder Reaction to Dividend Cuts and Omissions," Journal of Financial Research, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 281-294. Woolridge, J. Randall and Chinmoy Ghosh (1991), "Dividend Omissions and Stock Market Rationality," The Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 315-330.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    Mini Case Chapter 17

    • 1765 Words
    • 8 Pages

    2) The terms “irrelevance,” and “dividend preference, or bird-in-the-hand,” and “tax effects” have been used to describe three major theories regarding the way dividend payout…

    • 1765 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Rosetta Stone Ipo

    • 4823 Words
    • 20 Pages

    Denis, D.J. & Osobov, I. (2008), "Why do firms pay dividends? International evidence on the determinants of dividend policy", journal of Financial Economics, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 62-82.…

    • 4823 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    505 Quiz 1

    • 852 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Frankfuter, M, George and Wood Bob, G (2003). Dividend Policy Theory and Practice” Academic Press…

    • 852 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    Eagles Electronics Case

    • 3249 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Fama, F. & French, R. (2001) Disappearing dividends: changing firm characteristics, Journal of financial economics, 60, pp. 3-44.…

    • 3249 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Better Essays

    Miller, M. H., and Modigliani, F. 1961. Dividend Policy Growth and the Valuation of Shares. Journal of Business 34 (October): 411–33.…

    • 1300 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Avon's Dividend Policy

    • 1699 Words
    • 6 Pages

    TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION3PERFORMANCE OF AVON'S STOCK FROM 1978-19883EVALUATION OF AVON' S FINANCIAL CONDITION IN MID-19885PURPOSE OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER6EVALUATION OF THE TRADE-OFF7REFERENCES10INTRODUCTIONA firm's decisions about dividends are often mixed up with other financing and investment decisions. Some firms pay low dividends because management is optimistic about the firm's future and wishes to retain earnings for expansion. Other firms might finance capital expenditures largely by borrowing. All the above are examples of dividend policies which can be defined more precisely as the trade-off between retaining earnings on the one hand and paying out cash and issuing new shares on the other. In order to understand the dividend policy we must understand that this phrase means different things to different people (R.A. Brealey & S.C. Myers, 2003).…

    • 1699 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Dividend Decision

    • 2110 Words
    • 9 Pages

    15.4 Dividend Irrelevance Theory: Miller and Modigliani Model 15.5 Stability of Dividends 15.6 Forms of Dividends 15.7 Stock Split 15.8 Summary Terminal Questions Answers to SAQs and TQs 15.1 Introduction Dividends are that portion of a firm’s net earnings paid to the shareholders. Preference shareholders are entitled to a fixed rate of dividend irrespective of the firm’s earnings. Equity holders’ dividends fluctuate year after year. It depends on what portion of earnings is to be retained by the firm and what portion is to be paid off. As dividends are distributed out of net profits, the firm’s decisions on retained earnings have a bearing on the amount to be distributed. Retained earnings constitute an important source of financing investment requirements of a firm. However, such opportunities should have enough growth potential and sufficient profitability. There is an inverse relationship between these two – larger retentions, lesser dividends and vice versa. Thus two constituents of net profits are always competitive and conflicting. Dividend policy has a direct influence on the two components of shareholders’ return – dividends and capital gains. A low payout and high retention may have the effect of accelerating earnings growth. Investors of growth companies realize their money in the form of capital gains. Dividend yield will be low for such companies. The influence of dividend policy on future capital gains is to happen in…

    • 2110 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    To maintain competitiveness, Linear paid a dividend for about 10 years. It first initiated a quarterly dividend of $0.00625 per share in 1993. The payout ratio is closer to 25% to 30% consistently during these years. Dividend yields various from 0.03% to 0.25% unevenly for the price per share is fluctuated. Dividend per share rises from $0.00625 in 1993 to $0.05 in 2003. And since 2000, the dividend begins to growth by $0.01 in every four fiscal quarters. During the decade, it seems Linear’s dividend policy goes less volatile, which may broaden the client base and somehow shows the desire of the company to be recognized as a more mature and confident.…

    • 1632 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Dividend Policy FPL Group Inc Financial Management - I Group 11 Kinnari 20121026 | Krutika P 20121028 | Tushar 20121058 | Vijay 20121062 Agenda  Case Background  Decision Rationale  Financial Analysis Reflection and conclusion Financial Management – I | Dividend Policy at FPL Group Inc. Case Backgound…

    • 1192 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Managerial Finance Paper

    • 799 Words
    • 4 Pages

    As a part of the course Managerial Finance, we had the opportunity to prepare a term paper on Dividend policy and capital structure of the following DSE listed firms-…

    • 799 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Fama, E., and K. French., “Dividend Yields and Expected Stock Returns”. Journal of Financial economics, 22, (1988), pp. 3-25.…

    • 1759 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Bayer an Analysis

    • 4253 Words
    • 18 Pages

    Felclstein, M; Green, J. (1979). WHY DO COMPANIES PAY DIVIDENDS?. Available: http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3204679/green_companiesdividend.pdf?sequence=2. Last accessed 23rd May 2013.…

    • 4253 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Lintner (1956) was the first empirical study on dividend policy, he revealed that dividend add value to the shares of a firm. The turning point in theoretical modeling of dividend was the brilliant paper of Modigliani and Miller (1961) of dividend Irrelevance. Since the postulation of dividend irrelevance, financial economists have argued via two major schools of thought; those who believe dividend is relevant and those that believe dividend is not relevant. Despite the theories by academics to examine dividend policy, the dividend picture is still puzzling.…

    • 4738 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    Fama, E. F., and K. R. French, 2001, "Disappearing Dividends: Propensity to Pay?," Journal of Financial Economics, 60, 3-43.…

    • 17604 Words
    • 71 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Black, F. and M. Scholes, 1974, The Effects of Dividend Yield and Dividend Policy on Common Stock Prices and Returns, Journal of Financial Economics, v1, 1-22.…

    • 10477 Words
    • 42 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays

Related Topics