Diapause in Silkworm, Bombyx Mori, with Special Reference to the Paternal Influence: a Review.
Diapause in Silkworm, Bombyx mori, with special reference to the PATERNAL INFLUENCE: A Review.
Rajendra Mundkur*, S. R. Katti, M. V. Chandrakala, Ch. Narasimha Rao ; B. M. Sekharappa.
Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute,
Thalaghattapura, Bangalore-560 062, India.
Toyama (1906) defined embryonic diapause in silkworm, Bombyx mori as ‘a maternally inherited biological event under the control of sex-linked genes’. Sonobe and Odake (1986) have proposed two theories related to the diapause: (i) diapause is the phenomenon predetermined by the diapause factor during embryogenesis, and (ii) diapause is the process determined by the genetic factor during embryogenesis. Discovery of paternal genes taking over the developmental process of diapause-destined silkworm eggs (Rajendra Mundkur et al., 2004), has made to re-look into the diapause phenomenon with special reference to paternal inheritance of voltinism. The present authors propose a new theory related to diapause viz., “diapause is the phenomenon determined by environment, maternal genes and paternal genes synergistically or exclusively”
Keywords: Bombyx mori, diapause, paternal influence, pnd, silkworm, voltinism.
1. Introduction.
Adaptations to the surrounding environment are the response of all the living organisms, for their existence in the nature. Diapause phenomenon is one such adaptation evolved by animals to tide over situations which are not congenial for sustenance of life. The phenomenon is a classic example of animals’ response to the adverse environmental conditions. During diapause the animal virtually suspends its growth until the conditions that are hostile turn out to be favorable. Though evolved as an adaptation for survival, the diapause phenomenon is governed or determined by genetic factors that are induced by environmental cues.
Corresponding author: Dr. Rajendra Mundkur, Silkworm Breeding Unit (KSSRDI), Bidadi-562109, Ramanagar District.
Rajendra Mundkur*, S. R. Katti, M. V. Chandrakala, Ch. Narasimha Rao ; B. M. Sekharappa.
Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute,
Thalaghattapura, Bangalore-560 062, India.
Toyama (1906) defined embryonic diapause in silkworm, Bombyx mori as ‘a maternally inherited biological event under the control of sex-linked genes’. Sonobe and Odake (1986) have proposed two theories related to the diapause: (i) diapause is the phenomenon predetermined by the diapause factor during embryogenesis, and (ii) diapause is the process determined by the genetic factor during embryogenesis. Discovery of paternal genes taking over the developmental process of diapause-destined silkworm eggs (Rajendra Mundkur et al., 2004), has made to re-look into the diapause phenomenon with special reference to paternal inheritance of voltinism. The present authors propose a new theory related to diapause viz., “diapause is the phenomenon determined by environment, maternal genes and paternal genes synergistically or exclusively”
Keywords: Bombyx mori, diapause, paternal influence, pnd, silkworm, voltinism.
1. Introduction.
Adaptations to the surrounding environment are the response of all the living organisms, for their existence in the nature. Diapause phenomenon is one such adaptation evolved by animals to tide over situations which are not congenial for sustenance of life. The phenomenon is a classic example of animals’ response to the adverse environmental conditions. During diapause the animal virtually suspends its growth until the conditions that are hostile turn out to be favorable. Though evolved as an adaptation for survival, the diapause phenomenon is governed or determined by genetic factors that are induced by environmental cues.
Corresponding author: Dr. Rajendra Mundkur, Silkworm Breeding Unit (KSSRDI), Bidadi-562109, Ramanagar District.
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