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De Los Oficios a La Ingeniería

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De Los Oficios a La Ingeniería
Una parte de los estudios de la historia de la tecnología plantea que el desarrollo y perfeccionamiento de lo artificial depende únicamente de las necesidades que van surgiendo con la evolución biológica humana. Parte de esta evolución dio origen a las diversas disciplinas y oficios que en un pasado determinaban, distinguían y nombraban a las personas que ofrecían sus servicios y conocimientos a la comunidad con la que convivían (herrero, carpintero, etc.).
Pero, en un momento de la historia, la evolución humana demandó que estos oficios dejaran de existir y le dieran paso al estudio, planificación y mejoramiento de los procesos para hacerlos mucho más efectivos, ya que a medida que crecía la población mundial, se reducía el tiempo de realización y gestión de muchos productos y servicios, así, a causa de ésta demanda y poco a poco, fue naciendo la Ingeniería Industrial, enfocada a resolver todos los problemas que iban surgiendo con la evolución.
Todo se remota al año de 1776, cuando Adam Smith publica Wealth of Nations donde demuestra que la división de la tarea de fabricar alfileres en cuatro operaciones, aumentaba la producción cinco veces. Le siguieron Boulton y Watt Jr. con Mejoramientos Organizacionales en 1800 y por último, Babbage quien en On the Economy of Machinery and Manufacturers plantea la división del trabajo.
(León A., Marco. (1997) Breve Historia de la Ingeniería Industrial. Recuperado el 30 de enero de 2005, de http://www.monografias.com/trabajos14/historiaingenieria/historiaingenieria.shtml).
Posteriormente en la revolución de la productividad, cuando el conocimiento empezó a aplicarse a las herramientas, los procesos y los productos, Frederick Wnslow Taylor (1856-1915) aplicó por primera vez en la historia el conocimiento al estudio del trabajo…, el cambio de mentalidad generado por el establecimiento de la dirección científica –el estudio del trabajo, la selección y capacitación del obrero y el control del trabajo, lo llevaron a ser

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