Cyber Crime
Computer crime Computer crime, or cybercrime, refers to any crime that involves a computer and a network, where the computers may or may not have played an instrumental part in the commission of a crime.[1] Netcrime refers, more precisely, to criminal exploitation of the Internet.[2] Issues surrounding this type of crime have become high-profile, particularly those surrounding hacking, copyright infringement, child pornography, and child grooming. There are also problems of privacy when confidential information is lost or intercepted, lawfully or otherwise.
On the global level, both governments and non-state actors continue to grow in importance, with the ability to engage in such activities as espionage, financial theft, and other cross-border crimes sometimes referred to as cyber warfare. The international legal system is attempting to hold actors accountable for their actions, with the International Criminal Court among the few addressing this threat.[3] Contents[hide] * 1 Topology * 1.1 Spam * 1.2 Fraud * 1.3 Obscene or offensive content * 1.4 Harassment * 1.5 Drug trafficking * 1.6 Cyberterrorism * 1.7 Cyber warfare * 2 Documented cases * 3 See also * 4 References * 5 Further reading * 6 External links * 6.1 Government resources |
[edit] Topology
Computer crime encompasses a broad range of potentially illegal activities. Generally, however, it may be divided into one of two types of categories: (1) crimes that target computer networks or devices directly; (2) crimes facilitated by computer networks or devices, the primary target of which is independent of the computer network or device.[citation needed]
Examples of crimes that primarily target computer networks or devices would include: * Computer viruses * Denial-of-service attacks * Malware (malicious code)
Examples of crimes that merely use computer networks or devices would include: * Cyber stalking * Fraud and identity
On the global level, both governments and non-state actors continue to grow in importance, with the ability to engage in such activities as espionage, financial theft, and other cross-border crimes sometimes referred to as cyber warfare. The international legal system is attempting to hold actors accountable for their actions, with the International Criminal Court among the few addressing this threat.[3] Contents[hide] * 1 Topology * 1.1 Spam * 1.2 Fraud * 1.3 Obscene or offensive content * 1.4 Harassment * 1.5 Drug trafficking * 1.6 Cyberterrorism * 1.7 Cyber warfare * 2 Documented cases * 3 See also * 4 References * 5 Further reading * 6 External links * 6.1 Government resources |
[edit] Topology
Computer crime encompasses a broad range of potentially illegal activities. Generally, however, it may be divided into one of two types of categories: (1) crimes that target computer networks or devices directly; (2) crimes facilitated by computer networks or devices, the primary target of which is independent of the computer network or device.[citation needed]
Examples of crimes that primarily target computer networks or devices would include: * Computer viruses * Denial-of-service attacks * Malware (malicious code)
Examples of crimes that merely use computer networks or devices would include: * Cyber stalking * Fraud and identity