Corruption
INTRODUCTION
SQL is divided into the following
➢ Data Definition Language (DDL) ➢ Data Manipulation Language (DML) ➢ Data Retrieval Language (DRL) ➢ Transaction Control Language (TCL) ➢ Data Control Language (DCL)
DDL -- create, alter, drop, truncate, rename
DML -- insert, update, delete
DRL -- select
TCL -- commit, rollback, savepoint
DCL -- grant, revoke
CREATE TABLE SYNTAX
Create table (col1 datatype1, col2 datatype2 …coln datatypen);
Ex:
SQL> create table student (no number (2), name varchar (10), marks number (3));
INSERT
This will be used to insert the records into table.
We have two methods to insert. ➢ By value method ➢ By address method
a) USING VALUE METHOD
Syntax: insert into insert into student values (1, ’sudha’, 100); SQL> insert into student values (2, ’saketh’, 200);
To insert a new record again you have to type entire insert command, if there are lot of records this will be difficult. This will be avoided by using address method.
b) USING ADDRESS METHOD
Syntax: insert into insert into student values (&no, '&name', &marks);
Enter value for no: 1 Enter value for name: Jagan Enter value for marks: 300 old 1: insert into student values(&no, '&name', &marks) new 1: insert into student values(1, 'Jagan', 300)
SQL> / Enter value for no: 2 Enter value for name: Naren Enter value for marks: 400 old 1: insert into student values(&no, '&name', &marks) new 1: insert into student values(2, 'Naren', 400)
c) INSERTING DATA INTO SPECIFIED COLUMNS USING VALUE METHOD
Syntax: insert into insert into student (no, name) values (3, ’Ramesh’); SQL> insert into student (no, name) values (4, ’Madhu’);
d) INSERTING DATA INTO SPECIFIED COLUMNS USING ADDRESS METHOD
SQL is divided into the following
➢ Data Definition Language (DDL) ➢ Data Manipulation Language (DML) ➢ Data Retrieval Language (DRL) ➢ Transaction Control Language (TCL) ➢ Data Control Language (DCL)
DDL -- create, alter, drop, truncate, rename
DML -- insert, update, delete
DRL -- select
TCL -- commit, rollback, savepoint
DCL -- grant, revoke
CREATE TABLE SYNTAX
Create table (col1 datatype1, col2 datatype2 …coln datatypen);
Ex:
SQL> create table student (no number (2), name varchar (10), marks number (3));
INSERT
This will be used to insert the records into table.
We have two methods to insert. ➢ By value method ➢ By address method
a) USING VALUE METHOD
Syntax: insert into insert into student values (1, ’sudha’, 100); SQL> insert into student values (2, ’saketh’, 200);
To insert a new record again you have to type entire insert command, if there are lot of records this will be difficult. This will be avoided by using address method.
b) USING ADDRESS METHOD
Syntax: insert into insert into student values (&no, '&name', &marks);
Enter value for no: 1 Enter value for name: Jagan Enter value for marks: 300 old 1: insert into student values(&no, '&name', &marks) new 1: insert into student values(1, 'Jagan', 300)
SQL> / Enter value for no: 2 Enter value for name: Naren Enter value for marks: 400 old 1: insert into student values(&no, '&name', &marks) new 1: insert into student values(2, 'Naren', 400)
c) INSERTING DATA INTO SPECIFIED COLUMNS USING VALUE METHOD
Syntax: insert into insert into student (no, name) values (3, ’Ramesh’); SQL> insert into student (no, name) values (4, ’Madhu’);
d) INSERTING DATA INTO SPECIFIED COLUMNS USING ADDRESS METHOD