CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE Scratch
CONCEPTUAL AND RELATED LITERATURE
1. Communication
Communication is the process of transmitting common information from one person to another (Keyton, 2011). It is a process of exchanging information, a matter of sending and receiving. This information is imparted through the words we utter, tone of our voice as we say it and body languages we do. Studies show that there are three kinds of messages and these are Nonverbal (our facial expressions and body language), Paraverbal (intonation, stress and pitch of the way we say the words) and Verbal (the words we choose to say). Nonverbal represents 55% of communication, 38% accounts to paraverbal and verbal is only 7%. When people understand these kinds of messages and use them effectively, they will become effective communicators. Through communication we are able to express ourselves, share our thoughts, ideas, feelings and experiences to one another. By communicating, we acquire a better understanding of ourselves and people around us. Emmanuel (2007) describes communication as “…a vehicle that allows us to recall the past, think in the present, and plan for the future. It enables us to manage our relationships with others, and to interpret and interact with our environment” (p. 1).” We interact with different people and we do this daily. In addition, psychologist Abraham Maslow (1970) in his hierarchy of needs suggests that the capability to satisfy personal needs arises primarily from the ability to communicate.
When we communicate, we feel satisfied and there is that sense of well-being.
1.2 Shannon’s Model of Communication Process
Shannon’s Model (1948) is the general model of communication that has been used by many researchers in communication. This model was also used by Bell in his original sketches of the telephone. The Shannon’s Model gives us the components of communication and its relationships with each other. The components are the sender, message, medium or channel, noise and receiver.
1. Communication
Communication is the process of transmitting common information from one person to another (Keyton, 2011). It is a process of exchanging information, a matter of sending and receiving. This information is imparted through the words we utter, tone of our voice as we say it and body languages we do. Studies show that there are three kinds of messages and these are Nonverbal (our facial expressions and body language), Paraverbal (intonation, stress and pitch of the way we say the words) and Verbal (the words we choose to say). Nonverbal represents 55% of communication, 38% accounts to paraverbal and verbal is only 7%. When people understand these kinds of messages and use them effectively, they will become effective communicators. Through communication we are able to express ourselves, share our thoughts, ideas, feelings and experiences to one another. By communicating, we acquire a better understanding of ourselves and people around us. Emmanuel (2007) describes communication as “…a vehicle that allows us to recall the past, think in the present, and plan for the future. It enables us to manage our relationships with others, and to interpret and interact with our environment” (p. 1).” We interact with different people and we do this daily. In addition, psychologist Abraham Maslow (1970) in his hierarchy of needs suggests that the capability to satisfy personal needs arises primarily from the ability to communicate.
When we communicate, we feel satisfied and there is that sense of well-being.
1.2 Shannon’s Model of Communication Process
Shannon’s Model (1948) is the general model of communication that has been used by many researchers in communication. This model was also used by Bell in his original sketches of the telephone. The Shannon’s Model gives us the components of communication and its relationships with each other. The components are the sender, message, medium or channel, noise and receiver.
References: http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/basic_15/HB00093.pdf http://ph.news.yahoo.com/ph--world-s-best-country-in-business-english.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/world-top-ten/countries-with-most-english-language-speaker-map.html http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.125.2388&rep=rep1&type=pdf http://www.ugr.es/~portalin/articulos/PL_numero13/8.%20Ruth%20M..pdf http://www.edb.gov.hk/attachment/en/edu-system/primary-secondary/applicable-to-secondary/moi/moi-related-research-projects/08._p9401e.pdf http://www3.telus.net/linguisticsissues/singapore.html http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=Of6VywrbiccC&pg=PA5&dq=public+and+private+school+setting&hl=en&sa=X&ei=39PMUvbKFZDnoATUpYLYDQ&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=public%20and%20private%20school%20setting&f=false