Communicable Diseases
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Communicable diseases are illnesses that can be transmitted from one person to another.
Some of the examples include;
Gonorrhea
Tuberculosis
Malaria
Meningitis
Transmission is the passing of communicable diseases from an infected host individual or a con- specific (belonging to the same species) individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.
MODES OF INFECTION
The main modes of infection are categorized into three;
Direct
Indirect
Airborne
1. DIRECT MODE OF INFECTION
DIRECT TRANSMISSION
By direct or immediate transfer of the agent to an appropriate portal of entry by personal contact, e.g. touching, biting, kissing, sexual intercourse
By the direct projection of droplets onto the new host (through sneezing, coughing), but this must occur over a very short distance (1 meter or less) to be considered direct
It is the spread of diseases from one infected host to a susceptible host.
Two categories:
i. Person to person transmission ii. Animals transmission
PERSON TO PERSON TRANSMISSION
A. VENEREAL
1. SEXUAL CONTACT
Examples include;
Gonorrhoea
Genital warts
Chlamydia
Hepatitis B
Herpes
Trichomoniasis
2. THROUGH AIR
They are transmitted through aerosols.
These are airborne particles with organisms in droplet form. Can also be spread by ventilation system.
Examples include;
Tuberculosis
Measles
Chicken pox
Influenza
Mumps
Bacterial meningitis
3. FAECAL ORAL
This is the mode of transmission in which microorganisms are transmitted through contaminated water, food and objects
Examples include;
a. Hepatitis A
b. Polio
c. Cholera
d. Rotavirus
e. Amoebiasis
f. Shigelosis
g. Giardiasis
4. FORMITES
Inanimate or substance capable of carrying infectious organisms such as germs or parasites hence transferring them from one individual to another.
They are transmitted through skin cells,
Communicable diseases are illnesses that can be transmitted from one person to another.
Some of the examples include;
Gonorrhea
Tuberculosis
Malaria
Meningitis
Transmission is the passing of communicable diseases from an infected host individual or a con- specific (belonging to the same species) individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.
MODES OF INFECTION
The main modes of infection are categorized into three;
Direct
Indirect
Airborne
1. DIRECT MODE OF INFECTION
DIRECT TRANSMISSION
By direct or immediate transfer of the agent to an appropriate portal of entry by personal contact, e.g. touching, biting, kissing, sexual intercourse
By the direct projection of droplets onto the new host (through sneezing, coughing), but this must occur over a very short distance (1 meter or less) to be considered direct
It is the spread of diseases from one infected host to a susceptible host.
Two categories:
i. Person to person transmission ii. Animals transmission
PERSON TO PERSON TRANSMISSION
A. VENEREAL
1. SEXUAL CONTACT
Examples include;
Gonorrhoea
Genital warts
Chlamydia
Hepatitis B
Herpes
Trichomoniasis
2. THROUGH AIR
They are transmitted through aerosols.
These are airborne particles with organisms in droplet form. Can also be spread by ventilation system.
Examples include;
Tuberculosis
Measles
Chicken pox
Influenza
Mumps
Bacterial meningitis
3. FAECAL ORAL
This is the mode of transmission in which microorganisms are transmitted through contaminated water, food and objects
Examples include;
a. Hepatitis A
b. Polio
c. Cholera
d. Rotavirus
e. Amoebiasis
f. Shigelosis
g. Giardiasis
4. FORMITES
Inanimate or substance capable of carrying infectious organisms such as germs or parasites hence transferring them from one individual to another.
They are transmitted through skin cells,