In the case of “Landmark U.S. Supreme Court Case Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States” involved the heart of Atlanta motel which is located in the state of Georgia whom refused to rent rooms to blacks. As a result of their actions congress enacted the “Civil Rights Act of 1964”, which made it illegal for motels, hotels to discriminate guests based on their race. The heart of Atlanta motel brought action to declare the “Civil Right Act of 1964” was unconstitutional. The United States Supreme Court held its judgment that congress and the “Civil Right Act of 1964” was constitutional.…
The Supreme Court Decision ruled on a violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 with a vote of 8 to 1 ruling bona fide occupational…
They wanted to continue their racist practices without interference from the government, and a few directly challenged Congress' right to enact anti-discrimination legislation in court. Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, was a landmark case in which the owner of an Atlanta motel argued Title II of the Civil Rights Act, which prohibited public accommodations from discriminating against patrons on the basis of race, violated his constitutional…
was breaking the law (United States). The judges involved in this cause were as followed Hugo L. Black, William J. Brennan Jr., Tom C. Clark, William O. Douglas, Arthur Goldberg, John Marshall Harlan II, Potter Steward, Earl Warren, Byron R. White (Brannen 672). There was no concurring opinion found. Moreton Rolleston Jr. claimed his rights were taken. He said that the Supreme Court had over stepped their right and had taken away his Fifth Amendment (Brannen 675). This was the first test of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Brannen 672). Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution, known as the Commerce Clause allowed them to regulate all the interstate commerce (Brannen 673). The Commerce Clause gave the United States the right to regulate who could stay at the hotel (Hall 369). The Court ruled that under the Commerce Clause and Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Moreton Rolleston Jr. was found guilty (Brannen 672). The Court demanded that Rolleston Jr. stop refusing Blacks as guests and allow them to stay in the hotel (Brannen 676). In short, Moreton Rolleston Jr. was no longer allowed to discriminate against anyone who wanted to stay at his hotel (United States JUSTIA…
I. Facts: In an effort to oust the NAACP from operating in the state, Alabama accused the NAACP of failing to comply with a state statute that required foreign corporations to register with the state before operating, which had been violated when the organization began operating in Alabama in 1914. After the organization tendered the necessary documentation, Alabama refused to accept it and instead ordered the release of the names and addresses of all member and agents of the organization living in the state. After only releasing the names of directors and officers in the state, the NAACP was found in contempt and fined $100,000. The NAACP appealed the decision of the state courts (which sided with the state government) to the Supreme Court, arguing that the Fourteenth Amendment protected the freedom of speech and assembly from discrimination.…
Frederick Douglass called the Supreme Court’s decision on the 1883 Civil Rights Cases “a concession to race pride, selfishness and meanness that will be received with joy by every upholder of caste in the land”. These cases all involved black patrons denied service at hotels, theaters and train cars suing on the grounds that racial discrimination by such institutions was prohibited by the Civil Rights Act of 1875. In Justice Joseph P. Bradley’s majority opinion, he argued that this act, which allowed Congress to forbid racial discrimination by businesses of a private nature, was unconstitutional, as the Fourteenth Amendment only endowed states with this power. Although Bradley was known for his support of federal supremacy during his time at…
In assessing the important role of Lyndon Baines Johnson in the battle for civil rights, the opinions of scholars and politicians differ enormously. Among his advocates he is viewed as “the foremost practitioner of civil rights to ever occupy the White House.” (“Civil Rights 116) Their appraisal is reasonably based on the legislative victories accomplished during his five-year presidency. His opponents on the other hand tend to question…
Document 28-2 comes from a letter, “Letter From Birmingham City Jail”, that Martin Luther King Jr. wrote while he was in jail in Birmingham, Alabama. He was in jail because he had been arrested for participating in demonstrations. He directed this letter that he wrote from jail towards a group of white clergymen who criticized the Birmingham demonstrations. Document 28-3 comes from a speech, “The Civil Rights Movement: Fraud, Sham and Hoax”, given by the governor of Alabama, George C. Wallace, on July 4, 1964 in Atlanta, Georgia. He gave the speech to express his hard-lined opposition to racial change.…
In constructive discharge an employee resigns when they have been subjected to unlawful discrimination. The employee in this case was employed before the change in policy in shift work. Before the policy change, the production shifts were Monday to Friday. With the new policy the production team works a rotating shift schedule where at times the schedule rotates to work on Saturday and Sunday. The policy then discriminates against this employee because he is required to work on a religious holy day. The other issue at hand is that there are positions with the office staff that continue to work Monday to Friday. The production staff is being singled out to change their shift work when others still maintain the Monday to Friday schedule. This is intolerable to the employee since they do have the right to not be discriminated on basis of religion. Not everyone in the company has had their schedule changed and due to the change the employee left the company right after the change in policy.…
In this discussion, I am going to discuss the Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the influence this act has on healthcare today. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a Federal law that protects individuals from discrimination based on their race, color or national origin in programs and activities that receive Federal financial assistance (United States Department of Justice, 2014). As explained by Keers (2013), institutions or programs that may receive federal assistance include hospitals, Medicaid and Medicare agencies, alcohol and drug treatment centers, nursing homes and public assistance programs (p. 557).…
The Civil Rights Act of 1960 was not very effective in increasing equality for African Americans. It didn't provide African Americans with safe voting rights. The Act was weak and didn't help much with making voting equal for African Americans. Some states still protested the law because they thought it violated the states rights. Because the Act didn't help get more African Americans the chance to vote acts of violence increased. The act only helped increase voter registration by 3 percent. The Act didn't start any new laws for minority voters. The Civil Rights Act of 1960 did not get rid of poll…
When faced with pointing out the cons of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, one may feel there aren’t many if any. Or maybe that it’s a justified contradiction to the first amendment, which from the U.S. Constitution reads: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. The 1964 Civil Rights act is just one of the many problems that arise from the civil rights act. When the Civil Rights Act was passed it permitted voting rights, injunctive relief against discrimination in public places, of public accommodation, desegregation in public places and public education, non discrimination in federally assisted programs, equal employment opportunity, and prohibited DISCRIMINATION BECAUSE OF RACE, COLOR, RELIGION, SEX, OR NATIONAL ORIGIN. After reviewing it is apparent that the 1964 Civil Right act takes away an individual’s rights while attempting to apply new ones. The United States was built on freedom; the Civil Rights act prohibits one with opposite beliefs to act freely. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 gave the federal government unprecedented power over the hiring, employee relations, and customer service practices of every business in the country. The result was a massive violation of the rights of private property and contract, which are the bedrocks of free society. The federal government has no legitimate authority to infringe on the rights of private property owners to use their property as they please and to form (or not form) contracts with terms mutually agreeable to all parties. The rights of all private property owners, even those whose actions decent people find (abarent)abhorrent, must be respected if we are to maintain a free society. The Civil Rights act intensified segregation verses tearing down racial…
In January, 1965, approximately 350 blacks marched to the Dallas County Courthouse on Alabama Street, Selma, Alabama to register to vote, a peaceful demonstration to exercise their civil rights yet they were met with police brutality and injustices. The legendary Mahatma Gandhi quoted “Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from indomitable will”. Similarly, the same can be said about the will, determination, and perseverance of several civil rights activists and the people of Selma, Alabama who fought against racial injustices, segregation, and inequality to advance their cause, i.e. voting rights through moral suasion. Selma, the seat of Dallas County is located in the heart of Alabama’s black belt with a population of approximately…
The 1960s saw unrest, antiwar dissents, and a social revolution. African American youth challenged taking after triumphs in the courts in regards to social liberties with road dissents driven by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and additionally the NAACP. Dr. King skillfully utilized the media to record examples of ruthlessness against peaceful African American dissidents to pull at the still, small voice of people in general. Activism took on effective political change when there were large gatherings that resulted in the mistreatment of the protestors. African Americans or women's activists or gay people, who felt the bite of appalling political strategies, and decided to direct long-range crusades of coming together to focus their challenge with the media.…
How would it make someone feel to be turned down for a raise, a promotion, or just to be hired because of his or her race, color, or gender? Probably they would feel rejected, frustrated, and had low self esteem. Since its enactment in 1964, the Civil Rights Act has impacted society, specifically the hospitality industry, by opening opportunities to those who were historically discriminated against. The following will explain the background history of the Civil Rights Act, describe how it specifically impacts the hospitality industry, and projects future influences of the law.…