Preview

CHAPTER 1: THINKING CRITICALLY WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
765 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
CHAPTER 1: THINKING CRITICALLY WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
CHAPTER 1

Psychology: The science of behavior and mental processes.

Behavior: Anything an organism does. (action we can observe and record.)

Mental Processes: Subjective experiences. ex: beliefs, dreams, thoughts, and feelings.

Trends in Psychological Science:

Behaviorism:
John B. Watson: Behaviorists study and experiment with observable behavior.
B.F. Skinner: studied the way consequences shape behavior- operant conditioning.

Freudian/ Psychoanalytic Psychology:
Sigmund Freud: Founder of Psychoanalysis.

* studied and helped with a variety of mental disorders. * Personality and Therapy.

Humanism:
Abraham Maslow (1960's) and Carl Rogers:

* studied people who were thriving rather than psychology problems.

* developed theories and treatments to help people feel accepted and reach full potential.

1. Neuroscience: How the body and brain enable emotion, memory, and sensory experience. 2. Evolutionary: How the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes. 3. Behavior Genetics: How much our genes and our environment influence our individual differences. 4. Psychoanalysis: How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts. 5. Behavioral: How we learn observable responses. 6. Cognitive: How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information. (memory, problem solving, decisions, reasoning) 7. Social- Cultural: How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures.

DREAMS( using different psychologies)

* neuroscience - hormones, electrical impulses * behavioral - mannerisms during sleep * psychoanalysis - symbols in dreams * cognitive - remembering your dreams

Psychology's 3 Biopsychosocial levels of analysis:
Biology plus environment

1. The Deep Level: Biology; neurogenes, neurotransmitters, survival reflexes, sensation. 2. Outer Level: Environment; Social Influences; culture, education, relationships
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Chapter 14: Psychology Questions And Answers
    • 2197 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Chapter 14: Psychology Questions And Answers

    In the space provided, write the name of the person or term identified by each description. Choose your answers from the list below. Some answers will not be used.…

    • 2197 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Pdhpe Soccer Kick
    • 1441 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Pdhpe Soccer Kick

    Cognitive refers to mental processing of information, thinking and understanding. This is the first stage of learning; it is the stage that the learner gains an understanding of the skill. For example: a 9 year old playing their first year of soccer. The learner will experience feelings of disorientation, awkwardness and will encounter errors. The number and magnitude will depend on the difficulty of the skill.…

    • 1441 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    1.15: Contemporary Perspectives In Psychology
    • 407 Words
    • 2 Pages

    1.15: Contemporary Perspectives In Psychology

    Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes such as "attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking…

    • 407 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Response To Psychology: Critical Thinking Rorschach
    • 1514 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Response To Psychology: Critical Thinking Rorschach

    The Rorschach Inkblot test is one of the most iconic psychological tests that is shown on television and media worldwide. I believe this wide spread media has called into question the inkblot test’s clinical utility, reliability and usage in the field of psychology. This paper will summarize and critique four articles, two that are against the Rorschach and challenge its usage in different aspects of psychology and two that are for the Rorschach and believe that it adds value and has appropriate inter-rater reliability standards.…

    • 1514 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Psy 318 Cognitive Psychology Paper
    • 1234 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Psy 318 Cognitive Psychology Paper

    In this course, you will learn about the scientific study of cognitive processes. The focus will be on the research and theories that have been central to the field. Topics for the course include history, cognitive neuroscience, attention, sensation and perception, memory, language, computer models, decision making, problem solving, intelligence, and…

    • 1234 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Chapter 9-11
    • 1605 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Chapter 9-11

    Cognition refers to all the mental activities acknowledged with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communication. We form most concepts about prototypes or best examples of a category.…

    • 1605 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Health And Social Care Level 3 Unit 8 P1
    • 4995 Words
    • 20 Pages

    Health And Social Care Level 3 Unit 8 P1

    Cognitive is range of intellectual skills you can do within your mind such as memory which is what we remember, learn, store then recall, for example your age, we learn it and store it in our memory then when someone asks ‘how old are you?’ you will respond with the recall. When being educated you remember 80% more if you recall by explaining things to other people rather than just learning from someone. Language is the way we speak, read and write. Decide is how we make choices for example what to do in the future. Imagine is the way we picture things without actually seeing it for example we could imagine a dog driving a car which is impossible. Attention is the way we concentrate and focus for example in a lesson. Learning is a way we ingest information for example a boss could tell you to go for your break now and you would now have ingested this information on when to go for your break. Thinking is how we problem solve, process ideas and thoughts and lastly perception is the way we see…

    • 4995 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Annotated Bibliography: Introduction To Psychology
    • 2744 Words
    • 11 Pages

    Annotated Bibliography: Introduction To Psychology

    The discipline of psychology is a broad field of study covering many topic areas. Some psychologists study complex interactions between neurons within the brain as humans’ process information or exhibit particular behaviors. Other psychologists focus on the ways that groups and larger social processes influence individual behavior. Still others design experiments to examine the mental processes of humans and various other species of animals. Despite this broad range, psychology can be unified as a discipline focused on the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. This course will be a broad overview of the many approaches and perspectives on understanding the mind and behavior that contribute to the discipline of psychology. Through this course you will develop a basic understanding of the different perspectives and content domains in psychology as well as key concepts, theories and organizing principles within the field. As your instructor, I hope that this course will build your interest and enthusiasm for further study of psychological topics throughout your university…

    • 2744 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Key Theories Of Child Development Essay
    • 486 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Key Theories Of Child Development Essay

    | Cognitive mean able to show how a process is done and giving reason why it happens that way…

    • 486 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Psychology Perspectives Paper
    • 326 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Psychology Perspectives Paper

    There are many different thoughts on Psychology. I asked two people what they thought psychology is, to see how the answers differ. I asked Deborah DeBlois, whom is my mother. I also decided to ask a fellow student, so I choose my friend Reese Hinds. I choose those to people because they grew up in different generations, and different families. Making the comparison very interesting.…

    • 326 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Critical Evaluation in Psychology:
    • 3057 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Critical Evaluation in Psychology:

    In Psychology, students are often asked to show evidence of “critical evaluation” in their work. Many students find this difficult, and even those who are told they do it well, often do not understand what it is they are doing! This handout is designed to teach you a little about how to evaluate critically, and what it really means! It is only an introduction – with practice, you will learn to develop this important skill for yourself, and you should find that your ability to evaluate critically improves throughout your undergraduate years.…

    • 3057 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Does Empathy Matter In The Workplace And How Does It Benefit The Organization And Its Members?
    • 1550 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Does Empathy Matter In The Workplace And How Does It Benefit The Organization And Its Members?

    1.Which of the four features of cognition - mental representation, processing speed and habits, decision-making and problem solving, or socio-emotional intelligence - do you consider most important and why?…

    • 1550 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Dream Interpretation Speech
    • 952 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Dream Interpretation Speech

    Bibliography: • Personal experience: have been observing how elements such as feeling, actions relate to dreaming.…

    • 952 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Intro to Psychology Reflection
    • 261 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Intro to Psychology Reflection

    In this week’s reflection I will reflect upon one of my friends that I was talking to. We were talking about how during hunting season neither of us set an alarm because we just wake up early like we are programed to do it and we just know when it’s time to get up. This got me thinking about if this had anything to do with your memory. It raised many questions like how does your body know what time it is, how does your body know when to wake up, and how could you possibly control this so you would never have to use an alarm?…

    • 261 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Psychology and Conclusion
    • 318 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Psychology and Conclusion

    When arguing have you ever thought of the other person’s reason? Trying to understand their reason or cause could help people. This could also help with learning new things. Listening to their opinion of their argument can even change the earlier opinions someone had. Seeing from another person’s point of view can help people with thoughts, understanding, conclusion. Someone’s point of view can make people’s thoughts work more. Trying to see from someone’s view will make people think of different ways to view what the other person sees. The thoughts would be why, when and where. With so many thoughts someone could learn more. Learning from their thoughts could become useful later. The more someone learns the more they think. The people must learn to understand. Understanding the other person’s view is a vital thing. Not understanding the person or their reasons would make their view useless. Understanding the questions helps to see their view. Having some understanding on the view would make it so much easier to see what the other person sees. Understanding helps learning of someone’s view. People try to understand things each day so seeing from someone’s view should not be any harder. After understanding people have a conclusion. After thoughts and understanding it all ends with conclusion. When someone has viewed what another person sees they get their conclusion. People make a conclusion when they agree or disagree with someone’s view. Having a conclusion verifies that someone has gone through their thoughts and understanding. The conclusion can help with having a final opinion. Having a conclusion, thought, and understanding can help people. Learning these things will help to view someone’s argument. Having learned thought, understanding, and conclusion, people can reason and view another person. People can learn so much more about someone when they try seeing their point of…

    • 318 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More

Related Topics