Chapter 1 Studyguide Microbiology a Systems Approach
Chapter 1 1.1 The Scope of Microbiology (Living things too small to be seen without magnification) 1. Various Types of Microorganisms (Microbes): a. Bacteria, algae, protozoa, helminthes (parasitic invertebrate-worms) and fungi. 2. Multiple types of Professions Using Microbiology: b. A staff microbiologist at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention c. Epidemiologist d. Immunologist e. Food Inspectors f. Plant Microbiologists g. Researchers 1.2 The Impact of Microbes on Earth: Small Organisms with a Giant Effect
1st thing scientists look for on a planet is microorganisms. Bacterial organisms appear first (prokaryotic-no nucleus) and then the eukaryotic (single celled more complex with nucleus) organism arose. 3. Describe the role and impact of microbes on earth. h. Play central roles in the earths landscape that are essential to life. 4. Explain the theory of evolution and why its called a theory. i. The accumulation of changes that occur in organisms as they adapt to their environments. It’s called a theory because it has been well studied and well established. It has undergone years and years of testing and has not been disproven. This type of theory is different that the type of theory we are used to. 1.3 Human use of Microorganisms 5. Ways humans manipulate organisms for their own use j. Bakers and brewers yeast, types of single celled fungi cause bread to rise and ferment sugar into alcohol to make wine and beers k. Other fungi used to make cheeses l. Moldy loaves of bread to apply to wounds. m. Alter DNA n. Handle oil spills o. Synthesize drugs, hormones and enzymes 1.4 Infectious Diseases and the Human Condition 6. Summarize the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes. p. Many diseases that used to be considered non infectious probably do involve microbial
1st thing scientists look for on a planet is microorganisms. Bacterial organisms appear first (prokaryotic-no nucleus) and then the eukaryotic (single celled more complex with nucleus) organism arose. 3. Describe the role and impact of microbes on earth. h. Play central roles in the earths landscape that are essential to life. 4. Explain the theory of evolution and why its called a theory. i. The accumulation of changes that occur in organisms as they adapt to their environments. It’s called a theory because it has been well studied and well established. It has undergone years and years of testing and has not been disproven. This type of theory is different that the type of theory we are used to. 1.3 Human use of Microorganisms 5. Ways humans manipulate organisms for their own use j. Bakers and brewers yeast, types of single celled fungi cause bread to rise and ferment sugar into alcohol to make wine and beers k. Other fungi used to make cheeses l. Moldy loaves of bread to apply to wounds. m. Alter DNA n. Handle oil spills o. Synthesize drugs, hormones and enzymes 1.4 Infectious Diseases and the Human Condition 6. Summarize the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes. p. Many diseases that used to be considered non infectious probably do involve microbial